1. An investigation has been made of the effects of malnutrition produced by a diet of cassava on the adrenal cortex and hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system of rodents.
2. The renal response to isotonic saline was impaired in the malnourished animals. A reduction in adrenal ascorbic acid and in neurohypophysial pressor content also occurred.
3. In response to an intravenous isotonic saline load, adrenalectomized animals were unable to excrete as great a volume of urine as sham-operated controls, but no differences were detected in urinary sodium output.
4. In the malnourished animals, histochemical observation revealed a fall in adrenal alkaline phosphatase activity and impaired synthesis and secretion of neurosecretory material in the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system.
5. From the evidence presented it is likely that the reduced renal response to isotonic saline in the malnourished animals reflects a disturbance in the adrenal cortex rather than increased secretion of antidiuretic hormone.
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