Pregnancy, but not dietary octanoic acid supplementation, stimulates the ghrelin-pituitary growth hormone axis in mice

in Journal of Endocrinology
Authors:
Harleen Kaur Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia

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Beverly S Muhlhausler Food and Nutrition Research Group, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
Nutrition and Health Program, Health and Biosecurity Business Unit, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Adelaide, Australia

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Pamela Su-Lin Sim Food and Nutrition Research Group, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia

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Amanda J Page Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
Nutrition, Diabetes & Gut Health, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia

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Hui Li Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
Nutrition, Diabetes & Gut Health, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia

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Maria Nunez-Salces Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
Nutrition, Diabetes & Gut Health, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia

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Georgia S Clarke Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
Nutrition, Diabetes & Gut Health, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia

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Lili Huang School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Australia

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Rebecca L Wilson Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia

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Johannes D Veldhuis Endocrine Research Unit, Mayo School of Graduate Medical Education, Center for Translational Science Activities, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA

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Chen Chen School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Australia

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Claire T Roberts Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia

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Kathryn L Gatford Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia

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Correspondence should be addressed to K L Gatford: kathy.gatford@adelaide.edu.au
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-20-0072
Volume/Issue:
Volume 245: Issue 2
Article Type:
Research Article
Page Range:
327–342
Online Publication Date:
May 2020
Copyright:
© 2020 Society for Endocrinology 2020
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Circulating growth hormone (GH) concentrations increase during pregnancy in mice and remain pituitary-derived. Whether abundance or activation of the GH secretagogue ghrelin increase during pregnancy, or in response to dietary octanoic acid supplementation, is unclear. We therefore measured circulating GH profiles in late pregnant C57BL/6J mice and in aged-matched non-pregnant females fed with standard laboratory chow supplemented with 5% octanoic or palmitic (control) acid (n = 4–13/group). Serum total and acyl-ghrelin concentrations, stomach and placenta ghrelin mRNA and protein expression, Pcsk1 (encoding prohormone convertase 1/3) and Mboat4 (membrane bound O-acyl transferase 4) mRNA were determined at zeitgeber (ZT) 13 and ZT23. Total and basal GH secretion were higher in late pregnant than non-pregnant mice (P < 0.001), regardless of diet. At ZT13, serum concentrations of total ghrelin (P = 0.004), but not acyl-ghrelin, and the density of ghrelin-positive cells in the gastric antrum (P = 0.019) were higher, and gastric Mboat4 and Pcsk1 mRNA expression were lower in pregnant than non-pregnant mice at ZT23. In the placenta, ghrelin protein was localised mostly to labyrinthine trophoblast cells. Serum acyl-, but not total, ghrelin was lower at mid-pregnancy than in non-pregnant mice, but not different at early or late pregnancy. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with 5% octanoic acid did not increase activation of ghrelin in female mice. Our results further suggest that increases in maternal GH secretion throughout murine pregnancy are not due to circulating acyl-ghrelin acting at the pituitary. Nevertheless, time-dependent increased circulating total ghrelin could potentially increase ghrelin action in tissues that express the acylating enzyme and receptor.

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Print ISSN:
0022-0795
Online ISSN:
1479-6805
Copyright:
© 2020 Society for Endocrinology 2020
Page(s):
16
Article Type:
Research Article
Received Date:
13 Feb 2020
Accepted Date:
24 Feb 2020
Print Publication Date:
01 May 2020
Online Publication Date:
May 2020
Keywords:
mouse; pregnancy; octanoic acid; ghrelin; growth hormone

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