The role of testosterone in the respiratory and thermal responses to hypoxia and hypercapnia in rats

in Journal of Endocrinology
Authors:
Danuzia A Marques Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil

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Luis Gustavo A Patrone Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil

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Carolina S Scarpellini Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
Brain & Breathing Science Laboratory, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Canada

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Kênia C Bícego Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil

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Raphael E Szawka Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais – UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil

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Luciane H Gargaglioni Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil

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Correspondence should be addressed to L H Gargaglioni: luciane.gargaglioni@unesp.br
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-20-0257
Volume/Issue:
Volume 247: Issue 1
Article Type:
Research Article
Page Range:
101–114
Online Publication Date:
Oct 2020
Copyright:
© 2020 Society for Endocrinology 2020
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Many diseases of the respiratory system occur differently in males and females, indicating a possible role of gonadal hormones in respiratory control. We hypothesized that testosterone (T) is important for the ventilatory chemosensitivity responses in males. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated ventilation (V̇E), metabolic rate and body temperature (Tb) under normoxia/normocapnia, hypercapnia and hypoxia in orchiectomized (ORX), ORX with testosterone replacement (ORX+T) or flutamide (FL, androgen receptor blocker)-treated rats. We also performed immunohistochemistry to evaluate the presence of androgen receptor (AR) in the carotid body (CB) of intact males. Orchiectomy promoted a reduction V̇E and ventilatory equivalent (V̇E/V̇O2) under room-air conditions, which was restored with testosterone treatment. Moreover, during hypoxia or hypercapnia, animals that received testosterone replacement had a higher V̇E and V̇E/V̇O2 than control and ORX, without changes in metabolic and thermal variables. Flutamide decreased the hypoxic ventilatory response without changing the CO2-drive to breathe, suggesting that the testosterone effect on hypercapnic hyperventilation does not appear to involve the AR. We also determined the presence of AR in the CB of intact animals. Our findings demonstrate that testosterone seems to be important for maintaining resting V̇E in males. In addition, the influence of testosterone on V̇E, either during resting conditions or under hypoxia and hypercapnia, seems to be a direct and specific effect, as no changes in metabolic rate or Tb were observed during any treatment. Finally, a putative site of testosterone action during hypoxia is the CB, since we detected the presence of AR in this structure.

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Print ISSN:
0022-0795
Online ISSN:
1479-6805
Copyright:
© 2020 Society for Endocrinology 2020
Page(s):
14
Article Type:
Research Article
Received Date:
21 Jul 2020
Accepted Date:
04 Aug 2020
Print Publication Date:
01 Oct 2020
Online Publication Date:
Oct 2020
Keywords:
gonadal hormone; androgens; breathing; chemosensitivity

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