Section of the mammary nerves in goats and sheep or complete section of the spinal cord in the rabbit, rat, goat and cat (see review by Denamur, 1965) results in the suppression of suckling-induced milk ejection. In lactating women, Theobald (1959) failed to interrupt milk ejection by anaesthesia of the nipples produced by infiltration with 15 ml. of 1% lignocaine, but conditioning of oxytocin release to non-mammary stimuli may have occurred in these cases.
In the present experiments the milk-ejection reflex was tested in six multiparous rabbits of mixed breed by the method of Cross & Harris (1952), in which litter weight gain during suckling is taken as an indicator of oxytocin release. The rabbits were separated from their litters on the day after parturition and daily suckling tests began at 10.00 hr. on the following day. A variety of treatments were applied before nursing. The teats were anaesthetized by
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