In order to study the site of elaboration of the hypothalamic mediator which specifically influences the secretion of thyrotrophic hormone, pituitaries of 10-day-old donors were implanted into the hypothalamus of adult female rats. Some of the hosts were hypophysectomized, others were spayed 3 months before the administration of propylthiouracil (PTU) alone or in association with thyroxine. Thyroidectomy cells appeared in grafts placed in a zone which is distinct from the 'gonadotrophic' region we have previously described. The 'thyrotrophic' zone is more anterior and more dorsal and includes the suprachiasmatic region, the anterior hypothalamic region and the anterior part of the tuberal region. It extends dorsally including the paraventricular nuclei and a zone 1 mm. lateral of either side of these nuclei. The goitrogenic action of PTU occurs in hypophysectomized hosts even if the graft has no contact with the portal vessels. Simultaneous administration of thyroxine produces regression of the thyroid and of the thyroidectomy cells.
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