It is well known that, in rodents, oestrogen stimulates the activity of the prolactin-producing (LTH) cells of the adenohypophysis. Neonatal administration of oestrogen accelerates the initial appearance of this type of cell (Yamashita, 1969) and a markedly higher population of LTH cells occurs in adult female mice than in males (Yamada, Sano & Ito, 1957; Yamashita, 1969). This would indicate that oestrogen is concerned with the differentiation of prolactin-producing cells. It is not clear, however, whether or not this ovarian hormone is indispensable for the differentiation of LTH cells during ontogeny. The present study is concerned with the clarification of this problem.
We intended to deprive SMA strain mice of oestrogen. The ovary, testis and adrenal cortex are accepted as the main sources of endogenous oestrogen, and at first gonadectomy was performed in male animals. Taking into account the fact that, in the mouse, pituitary LTH cells are not present
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