Recent evidence suggests that pineal substances exert an inhibitory influence on gonadotrophic function (Fraschini, Collu & Martini, 1970). The methoxyindoles (melatonin and 5-methoxytryptophol) and hydroxyindoles (N-acetylserotonin and 5-hydroxytryptophol) are some of the compounds found in rat and bovine pineal glands which repress the hypothalamo—hypophysial—gonadal axis. The four above-mentioned compounds inhibit the synthesis, release or action of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) using the model of compensatory ovarian hypertrophy after unilateral ovariectomy in mice (Mary K. Vaughan, R. J. Reiter, G. M. Vaughan, L. Bigelow & M. D. Altschule, unpublished observations).
The most widely investigated of the compounds, melatonin, an indoleamine synthesized in mammals by only the pineal gland and possibly the Harderian glands (Vlahakes & Wurtman, 1971), inhibited compensatory ovarian hypertrophy after unilateral ovariectomy in rats (Sorrentino, 1968) and mice (Vaughan, Benson & Norris, 1970). The degree to which the pineal indoles are inhibitory on this model system is dependent upon
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