The effect of treatment with prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α on luteal function was examined in hysterectomized guinea-pigs. Regression of corpora lutea was found to occur when 0·25 mg (or more) was injected daily for 3 days and ovulation usually ensued within 5 days after treatment. The administration of 1 mg PGF2α daily for 7 days caused marked luteolysis but ovulation did not occur. Ovulation was blocked in three of four intact female guinea-pigs given 1 mg PGF2α/day for 7 days from day 15, but took place normally in five females injected with 0·25 mg/day. Treatment of hysterectomized guinea-pigs with 0·62 mg adrenaline hydrochloride/day, 1·97 mg atropine sulphate/day or 0·52 mg histamine dihydrochloride/day did not cause luteal regression, while the injection of 0·25 mg or 1 mg prostaglandin E2 daily for 3 days was likewise ineffective.
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