Levels of adrenal and peripheral plasma corticosterone are higher in the adult female than in the adult male rat and variations in oestrogen and androgen levels can alter corticotrophin and adrenocortical hormone metabolism (Troop, 1954; Coyne & Kitay, 1969; Ruhmann-Wennhold, Lauro & Nelson, 1970). Some studies conducted in male and female prepuberal animals at various ages have demonstrated no significant sexual differences in adrenal corticosteroids (Critchlow, Liebelt, Bar Sela, Mountcastle & Lipscomb, 1963); other investigators such as Troop (1954) and Yates, Herbst & Urquhart (1958) have suggested higher corticosteroid metabolism in males and in females respectively. During the first few days of life, sexual differentiation of the hypothalamus occurs, and the presence of androgens, as in the normal male or in the female injected with testosterone, induces a male pattern of gonadotrophin secretion. In contrast, low levels of androgens in the normal female or the male castrated at birth, induce
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