Radioimmunoassay techniques have revealed very high levels of prolactin in the range 1·2–10 μg/ml in samples of human amniotic fluid (AF) during the 10th-20th weeks of pregnancy and also a gradual increase in the level of prolactin in the maternal blood serum throughout pregnancy (Hwang, Guyda & Friesen, 1971; Friesen, Hwang, Guyda, Tolis, Tyson & Myers, 1972; Tyson, Hwang, Guyda & Friesen, 1972). Between the 10th and 20th week of gestation the ratio of AF prolactin: serum prolactin ranges from 22:1 to 227:1 (Friesen et al. 1972). As pregnancy advances the AF prolactin levels fall but always remain higher than the maternal serum prolactin values (Friesen et al. 1972; Tyson et al. 1972).
It was possible that human prolactin might well occur in AF in a form which was immunoreactive (and so detectable by radioimmunoassay) but which was biologically inactive. Therefore the lactogenic activity of human AF has been investigated
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