According to Denamur, Martinet & Short (1970), the luteotrophic effect of oestrogen in the sheep could be the result of three distinct physiological processes: (i) an action of the hormone upon the hypothalamus or hypophysis to alter gonadotrophin secretion, (ii) a direct action upon the corpora lutea, or (iii) the modification of uterine activity to inhibit the release of luteolysin, depending upon the amount of hormone given. They favoured the last possibility, although they noted that oestrogen could also be luteolytic, perhaps by hastening the release of luteolysin.
In a previous communication we reported that acute treatment with ovarian steroids on day 13 of the guinea-pig oestrous cycle had no lasting effect on gonadotrophin secretion, as judged by follicular histology, but markedly altered the sizes of the corpora lutea of the previous ovulation in animals killed 2 days later (Donovan & Lockhart, 1972a). While a single injection of 25 μg
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