Several recent studies indicate that bilateral castration of the adult male or female rat is followed by an increase in protein synthesis in specific hypothalamic nuclei; i.e. electron micrographs of the arcuate (Zambrano & De Robertis, 1968a) and paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei (Zambrano & De Robertis, 1968b) from adult castrated male and female rats demonstrated hypertrophy of the endoplasmic reticulum and an increase in the number of ribosomes. In a quantitative autoradiographic study, adult male rats castrated 5 weeks previously showed a significant enhancement in the incorporation of [3H]lysine into proteins of specific hypothalamic nuclei, i.e. arcuate, paraventricular, periventricular and supraoptic nuclei (Litteria, 1973a). Therefore, it was of interest to determine by quantitative autoradiography if ovariectomy of the adult female rat gives rise to similar alterations in incorporation 5 weeks later.
Holtzman rats demonstrating normal vaginal cycles for at least 3 weeks were used in this
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