Premature weaning of intact or gonadectomized male and female rat pups did not alter adrenal function at day 49 provided the level of nutrition was sufficient to prevent loss of body weight. However, when nutrition was limited during the early weaning period (day 16–21) both intact male and female rats exhibited decreased production of corticosterone in vitro. Mechanisms mediating this decreased capacity may differ according to sex. In the male rat, production of total steroids in vitro was decreased as were resting plasma levels of corticosterone, suggesting that the set-point for regulation of corticosterone is altered by diminished adrenocorticotrophic hormone secretion. On the other hand, early weaning of the female did not affect plasma levels of corticosterone or total steroid production in vitro; however, the proportionate production of corticosterone compared with total steroid output in vitro was lowered. This effect could be mediated by depressed plasma levels of luteinizing hormone which obtained in prematurely weaned females whereby a paucity of oestrogen could alter the balance between corticosterone and total steroid production.
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