A pigeon crop sac radioreceptor assay was used to measure changes in pituitary prolactin levels in parent ring doves of both sexes on the third day after hatching of their young. After a deprivation of 17 h from the squabs, exposure to a 3-day-old squab for 1 h resulted in a significant decrease in the prolactin content of the pituitary gland as compared with levels obtained in control birds deprived of their young for 18 h. No significant sex differences in prolactin levels were observed in either group. Because exposure to the young also promotes prolactin-induced crop sac growth, it appears probable that the squab-induced decrease in prolactin content of the pituitary gland reflects the release of prolactin into the circulation. Accordingly, the environmental regulation of prolactin secretion in parent ring doves appears similar to that observed in lactating mammals.
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