sufficient to create circadian cycles of phosphorylation in a test tube, suggesting that, at least in this system, a circadian rhythm can be generated without a transcription–translation feedback loop ( Nakajima et al . 2005 ). However, recent results
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Jodi L Downs and Henryk F Urbanski
rhythmicity or an attenuation of the amplitude of many circadian rhythms appears to be a characteristic of aging ( Schwartz 1993 , Touitou et al. 1997 , Touitou & Haus 2000 , Downs et al. 2001 , Pandi-Perumal et al. 2002 , Urbanski et al. 2004
Michael Hastings, John S O’Neill, and Elizabeth S Maywood
cause sleep disorders in patients, whilst intracerebral grafts of perinatal SCN can restore behavioural circadian rhythms of SCN-ablated rodents ( Weaver 1998 ). Electrical firing rates, cellular metabolism and gene expression within the SCN all exhibit
Patricia Cristine Borck, Sarah Rickli, Jean Franciesco Vettorazzi, Thiago Martins Batista, Antonio Carlos Boschero, Elaine Vieira, and Everardo Magalhães Carneiro
obesity, T2D and cardiovascular diseases. Recent evidence indicates that exposure to artificial light at night (ALAN) disrupts the circadian rhythms and leads to the development of metabolic disorders ( Boivin & Boudreau 2014 , Dibner & Schibler 2015
Anne-Marie Neumann, Cathleen Geißler, Violetta Pilorz, Iwona Olejniczak, Alfor G Lewis, Randy J Seeley, Orr Shomroni, Gabriela Salinas-Riester, Henriette Kirchner, and Henrik Oster
). Energy metabolism is tightly linked to the circadian clock system. The light-sensitive suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus acts as a pacemaker of circadian rhythms in mammals synchronizing physiological functions with 24-h rhythms of the
Nava Chapnik, Gili Solomon, Yoni Genzer, Ruth Miskin, Arieh Gertler, and Oren Froy
neuropeptides in the brain ( Froy et al . 2011 ). αMUPA mice also show pronounced circadian rhythms ( Froy et al . 2006 ) and altered locomotor activity compared with FVB/N mice ( Gutman et al . 2011 ). αMUPA mice that spontaneously consume less food per day
Francesca Spiga, Jamie J Walker, Rita Gupta, John R Terry, and Stafford L Lightman
glucocorticoid pulsatility The circadian rhythm of the HPA axis is under the control of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), which directly regulates the pattern of CRH and AVP release from the PVN, and in addition modulates the responsiveness of the adrenal gland
Dario R Lemos, Jodi L Downs, Martin N Raitiere, and Henryk F Urbanski
Introduction In mammals, many aspects of physiology and behavior are temporally regulated, showing circadian as well as circannual rhythms. Whereas, circadian rhythms reflect the daily organization of body functions, circannual rhythms represent an
Pei-Jian He, Masami Hirata, Nobuhiko Yamauchi, Seiichi Hashimoto, and Masa-aki Hattori
, which is critical for successful pregnancy in rodents ( Gu et al. 1994 ). The present finding predicts that, in vivo , the circadian rhythms in the endometrial stroma may be impaired during decidualization. In vivo , cellular differentiation
Karolína Liška, Martin Sládek, Vendula Čečmanová, and Alena Sumová
SHAM group exhibited robust circadian rhythms with mutual phases as expected according to the TTFL model, that is, Bmal1 and Nr1d1 acrophases in antiphase, and the Per1 acrophase delayed to Nr1d1 and advanced to Per2 ( Table 1 – cosinor
