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tolerance test (IVGTT) was performed where the mice were injected with glucose (0.35 g/kg, Sigma) in a tail vein with or without glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) (3 nmol/kg, Sigma). Blood samples were collected at different time points into heparinized tubes
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number of gastrointestinal hormones, such as peptide YY (PYY) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1 or GCG as listed in the HUGO Database; Huda et al . 2006 , Näslund & Hellström 2007 , Wren & Bloom 2007 ). PYY is recognized as a satiety factor
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or reduce iNOS expression may be necessary for the prevention or inhibition of β-cell damage. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and its potent agonist exendin-4 (EX-4) have received great attention because of their insulinotropic and β
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has examined the plasma stability and satiety effects of xenin, and further characterised the glucose-lowering and insulinotropic effects of xenin both alongside GIP, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP1) and neurotensin. Materials and Methods Degradation of
Department of Molecular Biosciences, Department of Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Physiology, Division of Endocrinology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
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Department of Molecular Biosciences, Department of Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Physiology, Division of Endocrinology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
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hypothesized that dexamethasone may enhance postprandial insulin secretion by increasing meal-stimulated incretin hormone secretion and/or by increasing parasympathetic input to the pancreas. The incretin hormones, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose
Department of Metabolic Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College, London W12 ONN, UK
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Department of Metabolic Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College, London W12 ONN, UK
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Department of Metabolic Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College, London W12 ONN, UK
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Department of Metabolic Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College, London W12 ONN, UK
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), peptide YY (PYY), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and pancreatic polypeptide (PP) ( Blundell 1991 , King et al. 1997 b ). These metabolic and endocrine signals are then received and processed by specific areas in the hypothalamus and brainstem
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glucose concentrations and peptides on GK gene promoter expression was tested in transiently transfected GT1-7 cells. Neither different glucose concentrations (2.8, 5.5, 10, or 20 mM) nor leptin (LEP), glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) or neuropeptide Y
Pulmonary/Critical-Care Medicine Branch, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
Department of Medical Physiology, the Panum Institute, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Biomedical Centre, B11, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden
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Pulmonary/Critical-Care Medicine Branch, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
Department of Medical Physiology, the Panum Institute, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Biomedical Centre, B11, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden
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Pulmonary/Critical-Care Medicine Branch, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
Department of Medical Physiology, the Panum Institute, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Biomedical Centre, B11, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden
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Pulmonary/Critical-Care Medicine Branch, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
Department of Medical Physiology, the Panum Institute, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Biomedical Centre, B11, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden
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Pulmonary/Critical-Care Medicine Branch, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
Department of Medical Physiology, the Panum Institute, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Biomedical Centre, B11, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden
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Pulmonary/Critical-Care Medicine Branch, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
Department of Medical Physiology, the Panum Institute, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Biomedical Centre, B11, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden
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Pulmonary/Critical-Care Medicine Branch, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
Department of Medical Physiology, the Panum Institute, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Biomedical Centre, B11, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden
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Pulmonary/Critical-Care Medicine Branch, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
Department of Medical Physiology, the Panum Institute, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Biomedical Centre, B11, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden
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Pulmonary/Critical-Care Medicine Branch, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
Department of Medical Physiology, the Panum Institute, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Biomedical Centre, B11, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden
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Pulmonary/Critical-Care Medicine Branch, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
Department of Medical Physiology, the Panum Institute, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Biomedical Centre, B11, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden
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Pulmonary/Critical-Care Medicine Branch, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
Department of Medical Physiology, the Panum Institute, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Biomedical Centre, B11, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden
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Introduction Intracellular cAMP is crucial for pancreatic β-cell function. Insulin secretion stimulated by glucagon and incretin hormones, e.g. glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), is exerted via increased cAMP ( Gromada et al. 1998
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–Aldrich; glucagon-like peptide 1 (7–36) (GLP1) from Bachem (Merseyside, UK) and Betacellulin (BTC) from R&D Systems (Oxon, UK). M-MLV reverse transcriptase, oligo dTs, dNTPs and RNase-free DNase were from Promega; Red Taq polymerase from Sigma–Aldrich and Matrigel
Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Introduction Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor (GLP-1R) agonists are glucose-lowering agents for type 2 diabetes (T2D) that promote insulin secretion ( Campbell & Drucker 2013 ). The clinical use of GLP-1R agonists is expanding due to