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Chanika Phornphutkul Departments of Pediatrics and Orthopedics, Rhode Island Hospital and Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA

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Ke-Ying Wu Departments of Pediatrics and Orthopedics, Rhode Island Hospital and Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA

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Xu Yang Departments of Pediatrics and Orthopedics, Rhode Island Hospital and Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA

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Qian Chen Departments of Pediatrics and Orthopedics, Rhode Island Hospital and Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA

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Philip A Gruppuso Departments of Pediatrics and Orthopedics, Rhode Island Hospital and Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA

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Introduction Since the elucidation of the role of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in the somatotropic actions of growth hormone (GH), the role of this system in bone growth has been a subject of intense investigation ( Lupu et

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/joe.1.05873
Volume/Issue:
Volume 183: Issue 3
Free access
J Bryce Ortiz Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona, USA

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Sebastian Tellez Arizona State University, School of Life Sciences, Tempe, Arizona, USA

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Giri Rampal Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom

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Grant S Mannino Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA

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Nicole Couillard Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA

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Matias Mendez Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA

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Tabitha R F Green Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA

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Sean M Murphy Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA

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Rachel K Rowe Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA

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remains unknown. In juveniles, activation of the growth hormone (GH) axis results in linear body growth and changes in body size and composition ( Blakemore et al. 2010 ). This physical growth and increased height are linked to high levels of GH

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-23-0157
Volume/Issue:
Volume 260: Issue 1
Open access
Tabata M Bohlen Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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Thais T Zampieri Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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Isadora C Furigo Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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Pryscila D S Teixeira Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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Edward O List Edison Biotechnology Institute and Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA

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John J Kopchick Edison Biotechnology Institute and Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA

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Jose Donato Jr Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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Renata Frazao Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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somatostatin secretion and facilitating growth hormone–releasing hormone (GHRH) release ( Devesa et al. 1992 ). Consequently, these alterations induce growth hormone (GH) secretion, stimulate insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) production and together promote

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-19-0242
Volume/Issue:
Volume 243: Issue 3
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S. HARVEY
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C. G. SCANES
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SUMMARY

Chicken growth hormone has been isolated from adenohypophysial tissue from which the glycoprotein hormones had been removed. The procedure entailed alkali extraction, ammonium sulphate precipitation and ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose. The resulting fraction was homogeneous, active in the rat tibia bioassay and had a similar isoelectric point, molecular weight and amino acid composition to mammalian growth hormone. A specific homologous radioimmunoassay has been developed using the avian growth hormone.

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.0730321
Volume/Issue:
Volume 73: Issue 2
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N Loveridge
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C Farquharson
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R Palmer
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G E Lobley
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D J Flint
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Abstract

The control of longitudinal growth is poorly understood but GH is considered to be one of the major hormones regulating postnatal growth. However, there is dispute as to whether it has a direct or indirect action. To study the role of GH we used a polyclonal antiserum to rat GH and investigated changes in cell proliferation and enzyme activities associated with bone formation and resorption during longitudinal growth. IGF-I levels were measured by two independent RIAs, DNA synthesis by bromodeoxyuridine incorporation followed by immunocytochemistry and enzyme activities were quantified in situ by microdensitometry.

After 1 day the percentage of chondrocytes undergoing DNA synthesis within the proliferative zone was reduced but no other parameters were affected. By day 4 the labelling index was the same as in pair-fed animals but the number of chondrocytes synthesising DNA was reduced as was the total width of the growth plate and that of the proliferative zone. Alkaline phosphatase (associated with mineralisation) was unchanged but glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity (associated with cell proliferation) was decreased. Osteoclastic tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity (associated with bone resorption) was also significantly reduced. Similar changes were apparent after 10 days. At no time was the circulating level of IGF-I decreased.

These data suggest that, during longitudinal growth, GH affects the number of proliferating chondrocytes but not the percentage of cells undergoing DNA synthesis, indicating that its primary role may be on the commitment of prechondrocytes to a proliferative state. Furthermore, while GH does not seem to have any effect on skeletal mineralisation it may stimulate osteoclastic resorption of the primary spongiosa.

Journal of Endocrinology (1995) 146, 55–62

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1460055
Volume/Issue:
Volume 146: Issue 1
Restricted access
Akiko Komi-Kuramochi Signaling Molecules Research Laboratory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8566, Ibaraki, Japan
University of Tsukuba, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan

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Mitsuko Kawano Signaling Molecules Research Laboratory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8566, Ibaraki, Japan
University of Tsukuba, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan

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Yuko Oda Signaling Molecules Research Laboratory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8566, Ibaraki, Japan
University of Tsukuba, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan

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Masahiro Asada Signaling Molecules Research Laboratory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8566, Ibaraki, Japan
University of Tsukuba, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan

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Masashi Suzuki Signaling Molecules Research Laboratory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8566, Ibaraki, Japan
University of Tsukuba, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan

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Junko Oki Signaling Molecules Research Laboratory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8566, Ibaraki, Japan
University of Tsukuba, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan

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Toru Imamura Signaling Molecules Research Laboratory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8566, Ibaraki, Japan
University of Tsukuba, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan

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proliferative phase and a remodeling phase ( Martin 1997 , Singer & Clark 1999 ), although the divisions are arbitrary and the phases overlap. Recently, a variety of cytokines and polypeptide growth factors have been shown to play key roles in each of these

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/joe.1.06055
Volume/Issue:
Volume 186: Issue 2
Free access
Candida N Perera Purdue Cancer Center, Department of Biological Sciences

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Hwei G Chin Purdue Cancer Center, Department of Biological Sciences

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Nadire Duru Purdue Cancer Center, Department of Biological Sciences

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Ignacio G Camarillo Purdue Cancer Center, Department of Biological Sciences
Purdue Cancer Center, Department of Biological Sciences

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concentrations of leptin are elevated during late pregnancy, a time of intense increase in mammary epithelial growth and proliferation ( Henson & Castracane 2000 ). It has been reported that in normal mammary tissues, epithelial leptin receptor expression

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/JOE-08-0215
Volume/Issue:
Volume 199: Issue 2
Free access
Anurag Bajpai Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia

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Peter J Simm Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia

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Stephen J McPherson Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia

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Vincenzo C Russo Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia

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Walid J Azar Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia

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John D Wark Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia

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Gail P Risbridger Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia

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George A Werther Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia

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. This realisation prompted the development of a novel treatment for boys with short stature using aromatase inhibitors, which block oestrogen production in order to prolong the duration of growth and to increase final height. Beneficial effects of

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/JOE-10-0006
Volume/Issue:
Volume 207: Issue 1
Free access
H A Sterle Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (BIOMED), Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Laboratorio de Radioisótopos, Area de Investigación, Departamento de Química Biológica, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA), Av. A. Moreau de Justo 1600, 3er piso, 1107AFF Buenos Aires, Argentina

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E Valli Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (BIOMED), Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Laboratorio de Radioisótopos, Area de Investigación, Departamento de Química Biológica, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA), Av. A. Moreau de Justo 1600, 3er piso, 1107AFF Buenos Aires, Argentina

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F Cayrol Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (BIOMED), Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Laboratorio de Radioisótopos, Area de Investigación, Departamento de Química Biológica, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA), Av. A. Moreau de Justo 1600, 3er piso, 1107AFF Buenos Aires, Argentina

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M A Paulazo Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (BIOMED), Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Laboratorio de Radioisótopos, Area de Investigación, Departamento de Química Biológica, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA), Av. A. Moreau de Justo 1600, 3er piso, 1107AFF Buenos Aires, Argentina

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D J Martinel Lamas Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (BIOMED), Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Laboratorio de Radioisótopos, Area de Investigación, Departamento de Química Biológica, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA), Av. A. Moreau de Justo 1600, 3er piso, 1107AFF Buenos Aires, Argentina

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M C Diaz Flaqué Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (BIOMED), Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Laboratorio de Radioisótopos, Area de Investigación, Departamento de Química Biológica, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA), Av. A. Moreau de Justo 1600, 3er piso, 1107AFF Buenos Aires, Argentina

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A J Klecha Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (BIOMED), Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Laboratorio de Radioisótopos, Area de Investigación, Departamento de Química Biológica, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA), Av. A. Moreau de Justo 1600, 3er piso, 1107AFF Buenos Aires, Argentina

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L Colombo Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (BIOMED), Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Laboratorio de Radioisótopos, Area de Investigación, Departamento de Química Biológica, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA), Av. A. Moreau de Justo 1600, 3er piso, 1107AFF Buenos Aires, Argentina

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V A Medina Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (BIOMED), Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Laboratorio de Radioisótopos, Area de Investigación, Departamento de Química Biológica, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA), Av. A. Moreau de Justo 1600, 3er piso, 1107AFF Buenos Aires, Argentina

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G A Cremaschi Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (BIOMED), Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Laboratorio de Radioisótopos, Area de Investigación, Departamento de Química Biológica, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA), Av. A. Moreau de Justo 1600, 3er piso, 1107AFF Buenos Aires, Argentina
Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (BIOMED), Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Laboratorio de Radioisótopos, Area de Investigación, Departamento de Química Biológica, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA), Av. A. Moreau de Justo 1600, 3er piso, 1107AFF Buenos Aires, Argentina

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M L Barreiro Arcos Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (BIOMED), Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Laboratorio de Radioisótopos, Area de Investigación, Departamento de Química Biológica, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA), Av. A. Moreau de Justo 1600, 3er piso, 1107AFF Buenos Aires, Argentina
Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (BIOMED), Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Laboratorio de Radioisótopos, Area de Investigación, Departamento de Química Biológica, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA), Av. A. Moreau de Justo 1600, 3er piso, 1107AFF Buenos Aires, Argentina

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well as the actions of THs on tumor growth, have been suggested. However, the effect of thyroid status on the evolution of tumors is controversial, and the mechanisms involved remain unknown. It has been reported that hypothyroidism can be a risk factor

Article Type:
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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-14-0159
Volume/Issue:
Volume 222: Issue 2
Free access
Koichi Suzuki
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Akira Kawashima
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Aya Yoshihara
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Takeshi Akama
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Mariko Sue
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Akio Yoshida Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Division of Regenerative Medicine and Therapeutics, Division of Bioimaging Sciences, Department of Mycobacteriology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Leprosy Research Center, 4-2-1 Aoba-cho, Higashimurayama, Tokyo 189-0002, Japan

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Hiroaki J Kimura Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Division of Regenerative Medicine and Therapeutics, Division of Bioimaging Sciences, Department of Mycobacteriology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Leprosy Research Center, 4-2-1 Aoba-cho, Higashimurayama, Tokyo 189-0002, Japan

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. Here, we show that the thyroglobulin (Tg) stored in thyroid follicles (the most abundant product of thyroid cells) functions as a potent negative feedback autocrine regulator of endocrine function and cell growth in individual follicles. We also discuss

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-10-0486
Volume/Issue:
Volume 209: Issue 2
Free access