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Wellcome Trust and the NIHR Cambridge Biomedical research centre for continuing support of research in the area of obesity and related metabolic disease. Reference Ahima RS Prabakaran D Mantzoros C Qu D Lowell B Maratos-Flier E Flier JS 1996

Introduction Type 2 diabetes, characterised by hyperglycaemia in the context of insulin resistance, is one of the most common metabolic diseases in the world. Insulin production from pancreatic β-cells plays a vital role in maintaining the

obesity, T2D and cardiovascular diseases. Recent evidence indicates that exposure to artificial light at night (ALAN) disrupts the circadian rhythms and leads to the development of metabolic disorders ( Boivin & Boudreau 2014 , Dibner & Schibler 2015

SB 1998 Prions . PNAS 95 13363 – 13383 . Rowland N 1984 Metabolic fuel homeostasis in golden hamsters: effects of fasting, refeeding, glucose, and insulin . American Journal of Physiology 247 R57 – R62 . Salman MD 2003 Chronic wasting disease in

other diseases of the metabolic syndrome and is partly described as its hepatic manifestation. Thus, in the early stages, cardiovascular events represent the main cause of death in NAFLD, whereas in the later stages, liver-associated causes of death as

the deletion of GPBAR1 has differential effect in males and females. Recently, GPBAR1 has emerged as a promising new target in metabolic disease. Although the relevance of our data to human GPBAR1 biology is not yet established, our findings of a

asprosin mainly focused on glucose homeostasis ( Li et al. 2019 ), it has been reported that asprosin is related to a range of metabolic diseases such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ( Ke et al. 2020 ), insulin resistance ( Yuan et al. 2020

Introduction The most acute complications of cardiovascular diseases originate from atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease of the middle- and large-sized arteries. One important risk factor for atherosclerosis is the metabolic

Introduction Recent research, over the past decade, has been dedicated to the study of the relevant physiologic differences between the sexes that may affect the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disease. Dissimilar exposures, susceptibilities

Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex metabolic disorder that is often associated with obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, microvascular disease and other complications ( American Diabetes Association 2016 ). All these