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Nicolás Gigena Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina

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Vanina A Alamino Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina

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María del Mar Montesinos Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina

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Magalí Nazar Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina

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Ruy A Louzada Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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Simone M Wajner Thyroid Unit, Endocrinology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil

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Ana L Maia Thyroid Unit, Endocrinology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil

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Ana M Masini-Repiso Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina

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Denise P Carvalho Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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Graciela A Cremaschi Laboratorio de Neuroinmunomodulación y Oncología Molecular, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (BIOMED-CONICET), Universidad Católica Argentina, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina

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Claudia G Pellizas Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina

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Introduction Thyroid hormones (THs) are critical regulators of cellular differentiation, growth and metabolism. The thyroid secretes 100% of circulating thyroxine (T 4 ). However, it provides a low percentage of serum levels of the most

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A Boelen Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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J Kwakkel Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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W M Wiersinga Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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E Fliers Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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Introduction Acute systemic illness induced by bacterial endotoxin (lipopoly saccharide; LPS) administration, results in altered peripheral and central thyroid hormone metabolism, so-called nonthyroidal illness (NTI; Papanicolaou

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Yang Chen School of Life Science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
Transgenic Research Center, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China

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Xin Li School of Life Science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China

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Jing Zhang Transgenic Research Center, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China

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Mingjiao Zhang Transgenic Research Center, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China

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Salah Adlat Transgenic Research Center, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China

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Xiaodan Lu Transgenic Research Center, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China

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Dan Li Transgenic Research Center, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China

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Honghong Jin Transgenic Research Center, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China

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Chenhao Wang Transgenic Research Center, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China

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Zin Mar Oo Transgenic Research Center, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China

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Farooq Hayel Transgenic Research Center, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China

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Quangang Chen School of Life Science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China

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Xufeng Han School of Life Science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China

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Renjin Chen School of Life Science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China

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Xuechao Feng Transgenic Research Center, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China

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Luqing Zhang Transgenic Research Center, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China

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Yaowu Zheng Transgenic Research Center, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China

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et al. 1996 ). Carolina E. Hagberg et al. found that Vegfb and nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes have coordinated expression ( Hagberg et al. 2010 ), suggesting a close relationship between VEGFB and energy metabolism. It is reported that

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Margaret K Hahn Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Banting & Best Diabetes Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

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Adria Giacca Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Banting & Best Diabetes Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

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Sandra Pereira Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

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Introduction Breakthroughs in metabolic research rely upon in vivo studies using animal models, usually rodents. Assessment of glucose metabolism in rodents is a key component of diabetes research. Although general guidelines for

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Malin Hedengran Faulds
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Chunyan Zhao
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Karin Dahlman-Wright
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Jan-Åke Gustafsson Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Novum, Karolinska Institutet, S-141 83 Huddinge, Sweden

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acid (FFA) metabolism (adiponectin, lipases), affect insulin sensitivity (PPARγ, insulin receptor substrates), affect lipid metabolism (CD36, apolipoprotein E), and are related to inflammation (tumor necrosis factor-α, C-reactive protein (CRP); reviewed

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Firoozeh Salehzadeh Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden

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Anna Rune Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden

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Megan Osler Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden

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Lubna Al-Khalili Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden

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. 2010 ), indicating an important role of testosterone in metabolism. Interestingly, estradiol replacement therapy in postmenopausal women may partially provide cardiovascular protection and is suggested to be both estrogen receptor (ER) dependent and

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Corine Martineau
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Louise Martin-Falstrault Laboratoire du Métabolisme Osseux, Laboratoire du Métabolisme des Lipoprotéines, BioMed, Département des Sciences Biologiques Université du Québec à Montréal, Case Postale 8888, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Quebec, Canada H3C 3P8

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Louise Brissette Laboratoire du Métabolisme Osseux, Laboratoire du Métabolisme des Lipoprotéines, BioMed, Département des Sciences Biologiques Université du Québec à Montréal, Case Postale 8888, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Quebec, Canada H3C 3P8

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Robert Moreau
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contribute to a healthy environment for bones. The product of the Scarb1 gene, the scavenger receptor class B, type I (SR-BI) is recognized as a high-affinity HDL receptor ( Acton et al . 1996 ) and is known for its role in HDL metabolism ( Cuchel & Rader

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Cathy A Guo Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA

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Shaodong Guo Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA

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hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, hyperlipidemia, oxidative stresses and inflammation ( Battiprolu et al . 2010 ). These factors can cause energy metabolism alteration, calcium mishandling, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis and myocardial

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A Albalat
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C Liarte
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S MacKenzie
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L Tort
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J V Planas
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I Navarro
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and lipid metabolism in adipose tissue ( Sethi & Hotamisligil 1999 ). In fact, some authors have suggested that TNFα produced by the adipocyte itself acts as a true adipostat ( Bulló-Bonet et al. 1999 ). Described effects of TNFα on lipid metabolism

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I. M. D. JACKSON
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K. D. BUCHANAN
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M. T. McKIDDIE
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C. R. M. PRENTICE
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SUMMARY

Carbohydrate metabolism has been investigated in eight patients with Klinefelter's syndrome. Seven of the eight had a normal oral glucose tolerance curve; one patient had slightly impaired tolerance. Plasma insulin levels were measured in response to the glucose load and were normal in six and slightly abnormal in two patients; one of the latter had an early increased and the other a delayed insulin response. No definite conclusions are reached regarding the possibility of a significant association between Klinefelter's syndrome and diabetes mellitus.

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