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ABSTRACT
This work examines the difference in responsiveness to stress which characterizes fish adapted to white and black backgrounds. Trout were maintained in black or white tanks for 2 weeks and then subjected to intermittent intense or moderate noise stress for periods between 1 h and 5 days, or to the stress of being injected daily with a large volume of liquid for 3 days. Plasma cortisol concentrations increased more readily and to a greater extent in fish from black tanks in response to moderate stress or brief intense stress. Dexamethasone suppressed the stress-induced rise of cortisol in white-adapted fish but was only partially effective in trout from black backgrounds. These differences in plasma cortisol between black- and white-adapted fish can be related to the different titres of plasma ACTH, apparently derived from the pars distalis.
Removal of the neurointermediate lobe (NIL) from black-adapted eels markedly depressed the normal rise in plasma cortisol elicited by noise stress. It is suggested that products from the NIL may modulate the stress response of the hypothalamo-pituitary axis although other routes through which background colour could affect the pituitary responsiveness to stress are also considered. In several cases, stress also enhanced the secretion of MSH from the NIL.
J. Endocr. (1985) 105, 99–105
Central Research Laboratory, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co. Ltd, 363 Shiosaki, Hokusei, Inabe, Mie 511-0406, Japan
Department of Pharmacology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
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Central Research Laboratory, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co. Ltd, 363 Shiosaki, Hokusei, Inabe, Mie 511-0406, Japan
Department of Pharmacology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
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Central Research Laboratory, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co. Ltd, 363 Shiosaki, Hokusei, Inabe, Mie 511-0406, Japan
Department of Pharmacology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
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Central Research Laboratory, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co. Ltd, 363 Shiosaki, Hokusei, Inabe, Mie 511-0406, Japan
Department of Pharmacology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
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Central Research Laboratory, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co. Ltd, 363 Shiosaki, Hokusei, Inabe, Mie 511-0406, Japan
Department of Pharmacology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
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Central Research Laboratory, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co. Ltd, 363 Shiosaki, Hokusei, Inabe, Mie 511-0406, Japan
Department of Pharmacology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
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Central Research Laboratory, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co. Ltd, 363 Shiosaki, Hokusei, Inabe, Mie 511-0406, Japan
Department of Pharmacology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
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Central Research Laboratory, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co. Ltd, 363 Shiosaki, Hokusei, Inabe, Mie 511-0406, Japan
Department of Pharmacology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
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Central Research Laboratory, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co. Ltd, 363 Shiosaki, Hokusei, Inabe, Mie 511-0406, Japan
Department of Pharmacology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
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Central Research Laboratory, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co. Ltd, 363 Shiosaki, Hokusei, Inabe, Mie 511-0406, Japan
Department of Pharmacology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
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participate in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus ( Donath et al. 1999 , Mandrup-Poulsen 2003 , Scheuner et al. 2005 ). Among them, more attention has recently been directed to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. ER stress is a series of cellular
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SUMMARY
Rats stressed by swimming in cold water (15° C) show a considerably decreased uptake of 32P by the thyroid gland, which is comparable with the decrease in the uptake of 131I. The 32P uptake of the adrenals is increased.
These changes are independent of the anterior lobe of the pituitary, since they also occur after hypophysectomy. It is assumed that they are caused by the increased production of vaso-constrictor substances, since treatment with adrenaline produced identical changes in the function of thyroid and adrenals in both intact and hypophysectomized rats.
The significance of these changes in formulating a concept of the physiological reaction of the organism to conditions of stress is discussed.
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discrete roles of mobilizing energy during periods of stress or catabolism among vertebrate groups. Two leptin paralogs ( lepa and lepb ) exist in many teleosts, suggesting genome duplication as a potential mechanism of functional divergence ( Gorissen
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Department of Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Immunology, Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA
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steroidogenic function is accompanied by a significant alteration in oxidative status of rat adrenal and testicular tissues including enhanced oxidative stress, loss of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and increased membrane lipid peroxidation ( Azhar
Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Translational Proteomics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
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a reduced capacity to respond to oxidative stress in terms of 8-isoprostane (marker of lipid peroxidation) and tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα) release ( Coughlan et al . 2004 b ). We concluded that GDM placenta may be pre-conditioned by transient
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identify the mechanism responsible for the extension of FS cell cytoplasmic processes. First, we observed stress fiber formation in FS cells in the presence of laminin, an ECM component of the basement membrane. Stress fibers are composed of bundles of 10
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negative feedback function associated with a wide range of clinical disorders (e.g. depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, type II diabetes, chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, and chronic facial pain) and associated precursor conditions (e
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). After a session of treadmill running, about all PVN CRFergic neurons express the immediate early gene c-fos , a marker of persisting neuronal activity ( Timofeeva et al. 2003 ). Besides its stress-related hypophysiotropic effects, CRF blunts energy
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Pediatrics, Laboratory of Clinical Investigations, Department of Medicine, Washington Hospital Center, 110 Irving Street Northwest, Washington, District of Columbia 20010-2910, USA
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Coulter (Fullerton, CA, USA). For induction of oxidative stress, thyroid cancer cells were treated with H 2 O 2 . H 2 O 2 stock solution (100 mM) was added into cell culture medium to achieve the desired working concentration. For TSPO ligand studies, PK
