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Pinnacle Clinical Research, Live Oak, USA
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Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
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activity, which is a master regulator of lipogenesis. Inactivity of ACC results in elevated carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (CPT1) activity and subsequently, increased LC fatty acid β-oxidation. Curcumin also inhibits the expression of PPARγ and C
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& Kelly 2006 ), whereas UCP3 promotes fatty acid oxidation ( MacLellan et al . 2005 ) and glucose uptake ( Huppertz et al . 2001 ), and limits mitochondrial damage via effects on lipid peroxidation ( Brand et al . 2002 ). The interactive effects of a
University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, UK
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Cambridge University Nanjing Centre of Technology and Innovation, Nanjing, P. R. China
Centro de Investigacion Principe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
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clinical setting ( Panzer and Caicedo 2021 ). Plasmatic low glucose levels are the main signal triggering glucagon secretion in rodent and human islets ( Ohneda et al. 1969 ). Interestingly, a recent study highlighted that fatty acid oxidation is
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: (A) Srebp-1c and (B) Accα , fatty acid transporter genes: (C) Cd36 and (D) Fabp4 , and fatty acid oxidation genes: (E) Pparα and (F) Cpt1α . Lipid metabolism-related genes were measured by qPCR and normalized to β-actin levels. Three
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oxidized substrate and generates 60–70% of ATP, whereas fatty acid oxidation provides only 20% of ATP in the heart ( Bertrand et al . 2008 ). During fasting states when insulin level decreases, counter energy hormones such as glucagon increase, activating
Departamento de Histología, Embriología, Biología Celular y Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Departamento de Histología, Embriología, Biología Celular y Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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, mostly composed of phospholipids, are main targets of oxidative damage due to their physicochemical properties and the chemical reactivity of their fatty acid (FA) double bonds ( Pamplona 2008 , Paradies et al. 2011 ). In fact, membrane phospholipid
Departments of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry and
Oncology, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
Chair of Endocrinology, University of Campobasso, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
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Departments of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry and
Oncology, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
Chair of Endocrinology, University of Campobasso, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
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Departments of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry and
Oncology, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
Chair of Endocrinology, University of Campobasso, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
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Departments of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry and
Oncology, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
Chair of Endocrinology, University of Campobasso, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
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Departments of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry and
Oncology, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
Chair of Endocrinology, University of Campobasso, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
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Departments of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry and
Oncology, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
Chair of Endocrinology, University of Campobasso, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
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Departments of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry and
Oncology, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
Chair of Endocrinology, University of Campobasso, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
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Departments of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry and
Oncology, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
Chair of Endocrinology, University of Campobasso, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
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Departments of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry and
Oncology, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
Chair of Endocrinology, University of Campobasso, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
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Departments of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry and
Oncology, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
Chair of Endocrinology, University of Campobasso, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
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Departments of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry and
Oncology, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
Chair of Endocrinology, University of Campobasso, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
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-chain fatty acids could be reduced and glycolysis accelerated (el Alaoui-Talibi et al. 1992 , Allard et al. 1999, Wambolt et al. 1999 ). The latter has been proposed as a compensatory response to low fatty acid oxidation ( Allard et al. 1994
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mice had elevated intestinal Fiaf levels, which activated PGC1α in the skeletal muscle, and (2) AMPK in skeletal muscle is activated in GF mice independently of Fiaf signaling. These two phenotypes can lead to enhanced fatty acid oxidation in GF animals
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reduced fatty acid oxidation and/or increased fatty acid synthesis. For fatty acid oxidation, we determined the expression of genes controlled by the major regulators of fatty acid oxidation, namely the nuclear receptors peroxisome proliferator
Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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Nutrition and Health Program, Health and Biosecurity Business Unit, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Adelaide, Australia
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Nutrition, Diabetes & Gut Health, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
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Nutrition, Diabetes & Gut Health, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
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Nutrition, Diabetes & Gut Health, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
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Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
Nutrition, Diabetes & Gut Health, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
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Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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et al . 2015 ). This could possibly be due to rapid gastrointestinal hydrolysis and absorption of medium chain-fatty acids, specific transport through the portal vein and rapid beta-oxidation in the liver ( Bach & Babayan 1982 ). The lack of increase