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Elena Grasselli Dipartimento di Biologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche ed Ambientali, Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Università di Genova, Corso Europa 26, Genova 16132, Italy

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Adriana Voci Dipartimento di Biologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche ed Ambientali, Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Università di Genova, Corso Europa 26, Genova 16132, Italy

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Laura Canesi Dipartimento di Biologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche ed Ambientali, Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Università di Genova, Corso Europa 26, Genova 16132, Italy
Dipartimento di Biologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche ed Ambientali, Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Università di Genova, Corso Europa 26, Genova 16132, Italy

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Fernando Goglia Dipartimento di Biologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche ed Ambientali, Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Università di Genova, Corso Europa 26, Genova 16132, Italy

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Silvia Ravera Dipartimento di Biologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche ed Ambientali, Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Università di Genova, Corso Europa 26, Genova 16132, Italy

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Isabella Panfoli Dipartimento di Biologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche ed Ambientali, Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Università di Genova, Corso Europa 26, Genova 16132, Italy

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Gabriella Gallo Dipartimento di Biologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche ed Ambientali, Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Università di Genova, Corso Europa 26, Genova 16132, Italy

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Laura Vergani Dipartimento di Biologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche ed Ambientali, Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Università di Genova, Corso Europa 26, Genova 16132, Italy
Dipartimento di Biologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche ed Ambientali, Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Università di Genova, Corso Europa 26, Genova 16132, Italy

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enzymes regulating both lipogenesis and lipolysis. Since PPARs also play a crucial role in lipid metabolism, the transcription profiles of the three subtypes, PPARα, PPARγ, and PPARδ, were evaluated in FaO cells in different experimental conditions. Our

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Wonsuk Choi Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea

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Joon Ho Moon Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea

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Hail Kim Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea

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-induced hepatic steatosis via the downregulation of hepatic lipogenesis. These effects are independent of UCP1-dependent thermogenesis in brown and beige adipose tissues. Hepatic steatosis is an early pathological event in NAFLD, which can progress to non

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Ya Liu Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China

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Xiaoqing Zhou Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China

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Ye Xiao Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China

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Changjun Li Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China

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Yan Huang Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China

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Qi Guo Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China

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Tian Su Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China

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Lei Fu Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China

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Liping Luo Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China

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of miR-188 decreased expression of lipogenesis genes including Fas (fatty acid synthase), Srebp1c (sterol regulatory element- binding protein 1c) and Gpat (glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase), and increased expression of genes related to fatty

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Pryscila D S Teixeira Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofisica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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Angela M Ramos-Lobo Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofisica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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Mariana Rosolen Tavares Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofisica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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Frederick Wasinski Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofisica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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Renata Frazao Departamento de Anatomia, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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Jose Donato Jr Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofisica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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transition ( Garcia-Galiano et al. 2020 ). Not only body adiposity is altered early in life in Lep ob/ob mice but several metabolic parameters as well. In this sense, 15-day-old Lep ob/ob mice exhibited increased carcass lipogenesis ( Godbole et al

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Wang-Yang Xu State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine of Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Biotecan Medical Diagnostics Co., Ltd, Zhangjiang Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Yan Shen State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine of Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Houbao Zhu State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine of Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Junhui Gao Biotecan Medical Diagnostics Co., Ltd, Zhangjiang Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Chen Zhang Biotecan Medical Diagnostics Co., Ltd, Zhangjiang Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Lingyun Tang State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine of Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Shun-Yuan Lu State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine of Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Chun-Ling Shen State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine of Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Hong-Xin Zhang State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine of Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Ziwei Li Biotecan Medical Diagnostics Co., Ltd, Zhangjiang Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Peng Meng Biotecan Medical Diagnostics Co., Ltd, Zhangjiang Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Ying-Han Wan Shanghai Research Center for Model Organisms, Shanghai, China

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Jian Fei Shanghai Research Center for Model Organisms, Shanghai, China

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Zhu-Gang Wang State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine of Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Research Center for Model Organisms, Shanghai, China
Model Organism Division, E-Institutes of Shanghai Universities, Shanghai, China

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−/− mice was due to alterations in lipid lipolysis, fat oxidation, lipogenesis, differentiation, mitochondrial biogenesis, thermogenesis or TG synthesis (Supplementary Fig. 8). A significant increase in key lipolytic enzymes at both mRNA and protein levels

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Fernando Escrivá Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Centro de Biología Molecular ‘Severo Ochoa’, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
Area de Bioquímica, Facultad de Químicas, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CRIB), Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain

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M Lucía Gavete Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Centro de Biología Molecular ‘Severo Ochoa’, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
Area de Bioquímica, Facultad de Químicas, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CRIB), Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain

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Yasmín Fermín Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Centro de Biología Molecular ‘Severo Ochoa’, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
Area de Bioquímica, Facultad de Químicas, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CRIB), Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain

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Coralia Pérez Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Centro de Biología Molecular ‘Severo Ochoa’, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
Area de Bioquímica, Facultad de Químicas, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CRIB), Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain

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Nilda Gallardo Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Centro de Biología Molecular ‘Severo Ochoa’, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
Area de Bioquímica, Facultad de Químicas, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CRIB), Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain

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Carmen Alvarez Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Centro de Biología Molecular ‘Severo Ochoa’, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
Area de Bioquímica, Facultad de Químicas, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CRIB), Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain

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Antonio Andrés Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Centro de Biología Molecular ‘Severo Ochoa’, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
Area de Bioquímica, Facultad de Químicas, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CRIB), Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain

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Manuel Ros Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Centro de Biología Molecular ‘Severo Ochoa’, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
Area de Bioquímica, Facultad de Químicas, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CRIB), Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain

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José M Carrascosa Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Centro de Biología Molecular ‘Severo Ochoa’, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
Area de Bioquímica, Facultad de Químicas, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CRIB), Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain

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of fat cells and determination of lipogenesis Rats were killed under CO 2 atmosphere and visceral epididymal and retroperitoneal fat pads were removed and weighed to assess adiposity index ( Li et al. 1997 ). Adipocytes were

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Xuefeng Yang Department of Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Department of Preventive Medicine, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Department of Medicine, Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Department of Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Gillings School of Global Public Health, Nutrition Research Institute (NRI) at Kannapolis, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27559, USA
Department of Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Department of Preventive Medicine, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Department of Medicine, Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Department of Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Gillings School of Global Public Health, Nutrition Research Institute (NRI) at Kannapolis, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27559, USA

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Shuang Mei Department of Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Department of Preventive Medicine, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Department of Medicine, Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Department of Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Gillings School of Global Public Health, Nutrition Research Institute (NRI) at Kannapolis, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27559, USA

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Haihua Gu Department of Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Department of Preventive Medicine, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Department of Medicine, Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Department of Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Gillings School of Global Public Health, Nutrition Research Institute (NRI) at Kannapolis, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27559, USA

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Huailan Guo Department of Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Department of Preventive Medicine, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Department of Medicine, Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Department of Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Gillings School of Global Public Health, Nutrition Research Institute (NRI) at Kannapolis, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27559, USA
Department of Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Department of Preventive Medicine, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Department of Medicine, Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Department of Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Gillings School of Global Public Health, Nutrition Research Institute (NRI) at Kannapolis, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27559, USA

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Longying Zha Department of Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Department of Preventive Medicine, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Department of Medicine, Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Department of Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Gillings School of Global Public Health, Nutrition Research Institute (NRI) at Kannapolis, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27559, USA
Department of Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Department of Preventive Medicine, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Department of Medicine, Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Department of Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Gillings School of Global Public Health, Nutrition Research Institute (NRI) at Kannapolis, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27559, USA

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Junwei Cai Department of Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Department of Preventive Medicine, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Department of Medicine, Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Department of Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Gillings School of Global Public Health, Nutrition Research Institute (NRI) at Kannapolis, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27559, USA
Department of Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Department of Preventive Medicine, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Department of Medicine, Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Department of Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Gillings School of Global Public Health, Nutrition Research Institute (NRI) at Kannapolis, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27559, USA

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Xuefeng Li Department of Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Department of Preventive Medicine, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Department of Medicine, Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Department of Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Gillings School of Global Public Health, Nutrition Research Institute (NRI) at Kannapolis, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27559, USA

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Zhenqi Liu Department of Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Department of Preventive Medicine, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Department of Medicine, Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Department of Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Gillings School of Global Public Health, Nutrition Research Institute (NRI) at Kannapolis, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27559, USA

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Wenhong Cao Department of Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Department of Preventive Medicine, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Department of Medicine, Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Department of Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Gillings School of Global Public Health, Nutrition Research Institute (NRI) at Kannapolis, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27559, USA
Department of Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Department of Preventive Medicine, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Department of Medicine, Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Department of Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Gillings School of Global Public Health, Nutrition Research Institute (NRI) at Kannapolis, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27559, USA
Department of Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Department of Preventive Medicine, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Department of Medicine, Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Department of Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Gillings School of Global Public Health, Nutrition Research Institute (NRI) at Kannapolis, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27559, USA

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. Table 2 The mRNA levels of genes involved in lipogenesis and fat oxidation. Results represent mean± s.d. of six to eight mice Glargine vs control (fold) Liver P value Muscle P value Cpt1 α (Cpt1 β ) ( Chpt1 ) 0.824±0.581 0.580 1.131±0.893 0

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A Margot Umpleby Diabetes and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Health and Metabolic Sciences, University of Surrey, Leggett Building, Daphne Jackson Road, Manor Park, Guildford GU2 7WG, UK

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(frequently referred to as de novo lipogenesis; DNL) if the TTR of the precursor (acetate) is known and the TTR of the product, e.g. palmitate, the major product of hepatic synthesis, is measured in VLDL TAG (which is produced by the liver). However, because

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Julie Takada Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, 1524 Prof Lineu Prestes Avenue, 05508-900, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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Miriam Helena Fonseca-Alaniz Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, 1524 Prof Lineu Prestes Avenue, 05508-900, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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Tarcila Beatriz Ferraz de Campos Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, 1524 Prof Lineu Prestes Avenue, 05508-900, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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Sandra Andreotti Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, 1524 Prof Lineu Prestes Avenue, 05508-900, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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Amanda Baron Campana Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, 1524 Prof Lineu Prestes Avenue, 05508-900, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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Maristela Okamoto Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, 1524 Prof Lineu Prestes Avenue, 05508-900, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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Cristina das Neves Borges-Silva Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, 1524 Prof Lineu Prestes Avenue, 05508-900, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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Ubiratan Fabres Machado Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, 1524 Prof Lineu Prestes Avenue, 05508-900, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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Fabio Bessa Lima Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, 1524 Prof Lineu Prestes Avenue, 05508-900, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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insulin levels and insulin resistance that compromised lipogenesis and favored lipolysis. Therefore, the loss of adipose mass in this particular model of DM was very intense, beyond an accepted critical point, leading to a more severe degree of

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Rachel Botchlett Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA
Pinnacle Clinical Research, Live Oak, USA

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Shih-Lung Woo Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA

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Mengyang Liu Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA

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Ya Pei Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA

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Xin Guo Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA
Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA

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Honggui Li Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA

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Chaodong Wu Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA

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activity, which is a master regulator of lipogenesis. Inactivity of ACC results in elevated carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (CPT1) activity and subsequently, increased LC fatty acid β-oxidation. Curcumin also inhibits the expression of PPARγ and C

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