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involved in the processes of lung maturation and parturition ( Keelan 2018 ) as well as in the sex steroid programming of behavioral sexual dimorphism ( McCarthy et al. 2017 ), maternal disease states (e.g. gestational diabetes ( Pantham et al. 2015
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hyperparathyroidism. Bone loss during a low calcium diet apparently exhibits a sexual dimorphism. Since the low calcium diet was initiated at 4 weeks of age and ended at 8 weeks of age, and since ovarian functions in female mice mature approximately at week 6 of age
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Centre for Discovery Brain Science, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, Edinburgh, UK
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Clinical & Translational Research Institute, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Mass Spectrometry Core Laboratory, Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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both sexes are required, particularly given the differences in the distribution of adipose tissue between sexes, as well as sexual dimorphism in enzyme activity ( Jamieson et al. 2000 ) and other regulatory factors such as binding globulins ( Toews
Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
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UMR9019 CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
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Josué de Castro Institute of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19 895 . ( https://doi.org/10.3390/IJMS19030895 ) Fortunato RS Braga WMO Ortenzi VH Rodrigues DC Andrade BM Miranda-Alves L Rondinelli E Dupuy C Ferreira ACF & Carvalho DP 2013 Sexual dimorphism
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during the ovarian cycle are important regulators of BAT activity in women, requiring awareness in studies of the sexual dimorphism in BAT physiology. In the present study, we found that castration slightly increased NA content in BAT. This finding may
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. Ovariectomized and orchidectomized animals . Clinical Calcium 21 164 – 170 . Kaliannan K Robertson RC Murphy K Stanton C Kang C Wang B Hao L Bhan AK & Kang JX 2018 Estrogen-mediated gut microbiome alterations influence sexual dimorphism in
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Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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unaffected. This sex dimorphism is due to the fact that male sex differentiation depends on testosterone production in the testes, which may be severely affected by STAR deficiency ( Fluck & Guran 2023 ). By contrast, female sex differentiation does not
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) ( Zamaratskaia et al . 2009 ) led to modulation of hepatic activities of CYP1A subfamily enzymes. Likewise, androgen is also considered to be one of the factors which determine sexual dimorphism in the constitutive and/or xenobiotic-induced expression of Cyp1a2
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). We have previously described that TGFβ1 plays an intra-pituitary inhibitory action on lactotroph function in rats, contributing to the sexual dimorphism observed in the serum prolactin levels during the post-natal development ( Abeledo-Machado et al
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://doi.org/10.1210/endo.142.11.8486 ) 11606457 Garrel G Racine C L’Hote D Denoyelle C Guigon CJ di Clemente N Cohen-Tannoudji J 2016 Anti-Mullerian hormone: a new actor of sexual dimorphism in pituitary gonadotrope activity before puberty