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indicate that in type 1 patients treated with intensive insulin therapy, insulin resistance is associated with an increased risk of angiopathy and metabolic syndrome, and is a risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity in type 1 diabetes. Understanding the
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Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, St Vincent Health System, Department of Animal Sciences, Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 University Boulevard, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
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Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, St Vincent Health System, Department of Animal Sciences, Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 University Boulevard, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
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Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, St Vincent Health System, Department of Animal Sciences, Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 University Boulevard, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
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-inflammatory action of insulin via induction of Gadd45-β transcription by the mTOR signaling pathway . Hepatic Medicine 2 79 – 85 . Bremer AA Devaraj S Afify A Jiala I 2011 Adipose tissue dysregulation in patients with metabolic syndrome . Journal of
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of the metabolic syndrome, a disease state recently tentatively treated by specific inhibitors of 11β-HSD1 ( Ge et al . 2010 ). Thus, the present investigation in rats suggests that an enhanced intracellular availability of endogenous glucocorticoids
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Departments of, Cardiovascular Medicine, Advanced Therapeutics for Cardiovascular Diseases, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
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Departments of, Cardiovascular Medicine, Advanced Therapeutics for Cardiovascular Diseases, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
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Introduction Obesity plays a central role in the development of metabolic syndrome ( Wajchenberg 2000 ), a constellation of risk factors such as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and high blood pressure. Accumulation of visceral fat rather than
Freemason’s Foundation Centre for Men’s Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
Monash IVF Group, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Freemason’s Foundation Centre for Men’s Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
Monash IVF Group, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Monash IVF Group, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Freemason’s Foundation Centre for Men’s Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
Monash IVF Group, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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induce paternal programming have provided more direct evidence of impairment to the health of both first and second generation of offspring, manifesting as an increased risk of metabolic syndrome and subfertility ( Fullston et al. 2013 ). Smoking
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transfer (FMT) interventions in humans ( Vrieze et al. 2012 ). By infusing the intestinal microbiota from lean donors to individuals with metabolic syndrome, an improvement of insulin sensitivity and an increased abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria
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European Associated Laboratory (EAL) ‘NeuroMicrobiota’, Brussels/Toulouse, Belgium
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European Associated Laboratory (EAL) ‘NeuroMicrobiota’, Brussels/Toulouse, Belgium
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beneficial effects of inulin on HFD-induced low-grade inflammation and metabolic syndrome ( Zou et al. 2018 ). They demonstrated that IL-22, which is already known to protect against several intestinal infections ( Zheng et al. 2008 , Zhong et al. 2019
Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Eastern Clinical Research Unit, Novo Nordisk A/S, Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Monash University, 6th Floor Burnett Tower, 89 Commercial Road, Prahran 3181, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Eastern Clinical Research Unit, Novo Nordisk A/S, Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Monash University, 6th Floor Burnett Tower, 89 Commercial Road, Prahran 3181, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Eastern Clinical Research Unit, Novo Nordisk A/S, Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Monash University, 6th Floor Burnett Tower, 89 Commercial Road, Prahran 3181, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Eastern Clinical Research Unit, Novo Nordisk A/S, Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Monash University, 6th Floor Burnett Tower, 89 Commercial Road, Prahran 3181, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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et al . 2000 , Peschel & Niebauer 2003 ). Elevated levels of PAI-1 and vascular adhesion molecules are associated with vascular endothelial cell dysfunction and may predispose patients to accelerated atherogenesis in the metabolic syndrome and type 2
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development of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, especially in male rodents ( Wajchenberg 2000 , Bjørndal et al. 2011 ). For histological analysis, part of the gonadal VAT was excised and fixed in 10% neutral formalin for 24 h, dehydrated in
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of the metabolic syndrome ( Paz-Filho et al. 2009 ). In the same way, aging seems to affect the plasma 25(OH)D in SL rats, which was higher at PN120 and became normal at PN180. One possibility is that, with aging, the adipocyte sequesters more