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Medical Sciences Division, Departments of Biology, Biomolecular Sciences Program, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
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Medical Sciences Division, Departments of Biology, Biomolecular Sciences Program, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
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Medical Sciences Division, Departments of Biology, Biomolecular Sciences Program, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
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Medical Sciences Division, Departments of Biology, Biomolecular Sciences Program, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
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Medical Sciences Division, Departments of Biology, Biomolecular Sciences Program, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
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Medical Sciences Division, Departments of Biology, Biomolecular Sciences Program, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
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Medical Sciences Division, Departments of Biology, Biomolecular Sciences Program, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
Medical Sciences Division, Departments of Biology, Biomolecular Sciences Program, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
Medical Sciences Division, Departments of Biology, Biomolecular Sciences Program, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
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observed that exposure to high doses of glucocorticoids (GCs) during fetal development, generated either as a consequence of maternal stressors or administered antenatally also reduces birth weight and leads to development of essential hypertension later in
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concentrations of the hormone are significantly lower in the target tissue than those in the circulation ( Kolka & Bergman 2012 ). Glucocorticoids are among the most commonly prescribed anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive medications worldwide ( Clark
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Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet and Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Introduction and background It is estimated that, at any one time, over 250,000 people are exposed to systemic glucocorticoids (GCs); approximately 10% of children will require GCs at some stage during their childhood ( Mushtaq & Ahmed 2002
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The glucocorticoid signaling pathways Steroid hormones are lipophilic and low-molecular weight compounds broadly involved in endocrine signaling, thus, able to trigger systemic effects through bloodstream circulation. All steroid hormones
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Introduction Glucocorticoids (GCs), such as cortisol in humans and corticosterone in rodents, are produced in the adrenal cortex and play a key role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis and nutrient metabolism. Synthetic GCs, which include
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Introduction Activation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis is a vital component of the stress response, driving production of glucocorticoid hormones (cortisol in humans, corticosterone in rodents) that mediate essential adaptations of
Paris Brain Institue-Institut du Cerveau, CNRS UMR7225, INSERM U1127, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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INSERM UMR 1195 (DHNS), Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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regeneration. Glucocorticoid (GC) hormones are also able to promote remyelination and nerve regeneration after injury ( Hughes 2002 , Morisaki et al. 2010 , Feng & Yuan 2015 ) although it is not clear if their effects are due to their anti
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) contributes to intracellular glucocorticoid action by catalysing the conversion of inactive to active forms of the principal glucocorticoids found in humans (cortisone to cortisol) and mice (11-dehydrocorticosterone to corticosterone). Whilst widely
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Monash Institute of Medical Research, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Ritchie Centre, Monash University, 27‐31 Wright Street, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
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glucocorticoids. At high concentrations, the free fraction of circulating maternal glucocorticoids can cross the placental and fetal blood–brain barriers ( Zarrow et al . 1970 , Herbert 1998 ), where they affect fetal hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA
Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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Scotland’s Rural College, The Roslin Institute, Easter Bush Campus, United Kingdom
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Centre for Systems Health and Integrated Metabolic Research, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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Introduction Glucocorticoids are required to maintain glucose and lipid homeostasis in times of physiological stress, ensuring an adequate fuel supply for the body ( Kuo et al. 2015 ). In key metabolic tissues such as adipose tissue