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-selective, unable to distinguish between pathogen and host cell, host tissues have constructed a defense mechanism consisting of both membrane-bound and fluid-phase complement regulatory proteins, which check the activity of the complement cascade at the level of

ratio of >0.9. We took samples of amniotic fluid and collected fetal and maternal blood by cardiac puncture. Samples were collected on ice and the plasma and amniotic fluid stored at −20 °C. The dam was then killed by an overdose of

dark cycle. Female mice, aged 8–10 weeks, were mated with fertile or vasectomized males to induce pregnancy or pseudopregnancy (day 1 is the day of vaginal plug). From days 1 to 4, pregnancy was confirmed by flushing the embryos from the oviducts or

acquisition of a fluid-filled cavity and an increasing reliance on pituitary-derived follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) for survival ( McGee & Hsueh 2000 ). AMH expression peaks at the small antral stage ( Weenen et al . 2004 ) and the ability of AMH to

primates including humans, substantial concentrations of endogenous E 2 and other estrogens have been found in rete testes fluid, which provides an environment for spermatozoa in the epididymis, and in ejaculated semen ( Waites & Einer-Jensen 1974 , Eiler

the present study, therefore, we investigated the expression levels of GLUT1, 3 and 4 mRNA in the bovine follicle and CL in various physiologic conditions, and correlated them with concentrations of glucose in the follicular fluid

maternal oviduct and uterine lumens, long recognised to facilitate the stepwise progression in gamete and embryo maturation culminating in implantation ( Coy et al. 2012 , Ghersevich et al. 2015 , Matsumoto 2017 ). Figure 1 Summary diagram of

quantified for E 2 and LH by specific RIAs. At 0900 h of the next day (day of oestrus), the oviduct was examined for the presence of eggs, which were counted under light microscopy. Effect of hFSH and EB on PR expression In the second experiment, PR mRNA and

shortly after by another ovulation. The two follicular cell compartments, theca and granulosa, are schematically shown (lower panel), which encase the cumulus–oocyte complex within the fluid-filled antral cavity. The top box in this figure schematically

development, the Müllerian ducts persist in females and differentiate into morphologically and functionally distinct oviducts, uterus and vagina. The oviductal epithelia are composed of ciliated cells and secretory cells ( Yamanouchi et al . 2010 ); the