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Duarte Pignatelli Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto and IBMC, Alameda Hernani Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of London, Queen Mary, London E1 4NS, UK

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Fang Xiao Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto and IBMC, Alameda Hernani Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of London, Queen Mary, London E1 4NS, UK

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Alexandra M Gouveia Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto and IBMC, Alameda Hernani Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of London, Queen Mary, London E1 4NS, UK

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Jorge G Ferreira Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto and IBMC, Alameda Hernani Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of London, Queen Mary, London E1 4NS, UK

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Gavin P Vinson Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto and IBMC, Alameda Hernani Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of London, Queen Mary, London E1 4NS, UK

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steroidogenic enzymes (such as 17,20 lyase) resulting from the increase in adrenal size, with no specific physiological significance. In the rat, CYP17 has been generally considered to be absent from the adrenal cortex ( Van Weerden et al. 1992

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Siok L Dun Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, 3420 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, USA
Phoenix Pharmaceuticals Inc., Belmont, California 94002, USA

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G Cristina Brailoiu Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, 3420 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, USA
Phoenix Pharmaceuticals Inc., Belmont, California 94002, USA

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Eugen Brailoiu Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, 3420 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, USA
Phoenix Pharmaceuticals Inc., Belmont, California 94002, USA

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Jun Yang Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, 3420 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, USA
Phoenix Pharmaceuticals Inc., Belmont, California 94002, USA

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Jaw Kang Chang Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, 3420 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, USA
Phoenix Pharmaceuticals Inc., Belmont, California 94002, USA

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Nae J Dun Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, 3420 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, USA
Phoenix Pharmaceuticals Inc., Belmont, California 94002, USA

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( Zhang et al. 2005 ). Obestatin was isolated and purified from the rat stomach ( Zhang et al. 2005 ). The type(s) of cells in the gastrointestinal tract expressing obestatin has not yet been identified. Although obestatin is thought to be

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Rob H P Hilgers
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Suzanne Oparil
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Wout Wouters Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Pantarhei Bioscience, Department of Medicine, Vascular Biology and Hypertension Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1034 Zeigler Research Building, 703 19th Street South, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-0007, USA

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Herjan J T Coelingh Bennink Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Pantarhei Bioscience, Department of Medicine, Vascular Biology and Hypertension Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1034 Zeigler Research Building, 703 19th Street South, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-0007, USA

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, this study was designed to study the in vitro vasorelaxing effects of E 4 and to compare them with those of E 2 . The objectives of this study were 1) to determine the ex vivo relaxing effects of E 4 compared to E 2 in rat uterine, thoracic

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F S Raza
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M Okamoto
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H Takemori
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G P Vinson
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contribute to the downregulation of CYP11B2 and aldosterone synthesis in the glomerulosa. The present paper describes studies on the distribution and regulation of MnSOD expression in rat adrenal tissue, aimed at further interpretation of its function

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Caroline H Brennan School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, UK

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Alexandra Chittka School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, UK

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Stewart Barker School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, UK

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Gavin P Vinson School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, UK

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EphR/ephrin signalling in the rat adrenal cortex. To demonstrate the possibility of specific EphR/ephrin involvement, the tissues were taken from control animals, and from animals subjected to treatments known to have specific actions on adrenal cell

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Audrey Lamirand INSERM UMR 788, INSERM UMR 854, University Paris-Sud 11, Stéroïdes, neuroprotection et neurogénération, 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre cedex, France
INSERM UMR 788, INSERM UMR 854, University Paris-Sud 11, Stéroïdes, neuroprotection et neurogénération, 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre cedex, France
INSERM UMR 788, INSERM UMR 854, University Paris-Sud 11, Stéroïdes, neuroprotection et neurogénération, 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre cedex, France

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Martine Ramaugé INSERM UMR 788, INSERM UMR 854, University Paris-Sud 11, Stéroïdes, neuroprotection et neurogénération, 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre cedex, France
INSERM UMR 788, INSERM UMR 854, University Paris-Sud 11, Stéroïdes, neuroprotection et neurogénération, 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre cedex, France
INSERM UMR 788, INSERM UMR 854, University Paris-Sud 11, Stéroïdes, neuroprotection et neurogénération, 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre cedex, France

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Michel Pierre INSERM UMR 788, INSERM UMR 854, University Paris-Sud 11, Stéroïdes, neuroprotection et neurogénération, 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre cedex, France
INSERM UMR 788, INSERM UMR 854, University Paris-Sud 11, Stéroïdes, neuroprotection et neurogénération, 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre cedex, France
INSERM UMR 788, INSERM UMR 854, University Paris-Sud 11, Stéroïdes, neuroprotection et neurogénération, 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre cedex, France

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Françoise Courtin INSERM UMR 788, INSERM UMR 854, University Paris-Sud 11, Stéroïdes, neuroprotection et neurogénération, 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre cedex, France
INSERM UMR 788, INSERM UMR 854, University Paris-Sud 11, Stéroïdes, neuroprotection et neurogénération, 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre cedex, France
INSERM UMR 788, INSERM UMR 854, University Paris-Sud 11, Stéroïdes, neuroprotection et neurogénération, 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre cedex, France

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inflammation ( Lucas et al . 2006 ). D2 in rat cultured astrocytes is regulated by multiple factors including selenium, thyroid hormone, cAMP, phorbol ester tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), growth factors, glucocorticoids, TSH, hypoxia, and oxidant

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W S Zawalich
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H Yamazaki
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K C Zawalich
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G Cline
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Introduction In response to sustained square-wave stimulation by high glucose concentrations, rat pancreatic islets studied using the perfused pancreas preparation or perifused islets exhibit a robust, biphasic insulin secretory

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Valentina Pampanini Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Q2:08, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

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Daniela Germani Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy

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Antonella Puglianiello Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy

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Jan-Bernd Stukenborg Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Q2:08, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

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Ahmed Reda Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Q2:08, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

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Iuliia Savchuk Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Q2:08, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

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Kristín Rós Kjartansdóttir Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Q2:08, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

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Stefano Cianfarani Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Q2:08, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
Dipartimento Pediatrico Universitario Ospedaliero ‘Bambino Gesù’ Children’s Hospital – Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy

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Olle Söder Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Q2:08, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

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post-partum (d pp ), pups were weaned onto standard rat chow diet (Mucedola S.R.L., Milano, Italy), separated from dams and placed in groups of three to five, with the males and females separated. For the purpose of this study, only male pups were

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C R Liu Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Department of Pathology, Ministry of Health China, Endocrinology Institute of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical Institute, Tianjin 300070, China

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L Y Li
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F Shi
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X Y Zang
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Y M Liu Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Department of Pathology, Ministry of Health China, Endocrinology Institute of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical Institute, Tianjin 300070, China

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Y Sun
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B H Kan
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hypothyroid rat myocardium were analyzed using fluorescence quantitation-PCR (FQ-PCR). Materials and Methods Experimental animals All animals were obtained from the Experimental Animal Centre of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences of China. They were

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Eun-Jin Kang Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Milyang, Republic of Korea

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So-Hye Hong Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Milyang, Republic of Korea

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Jae-Eon Lee Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Milyang, Republic of Korea

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Seung Chul Kim Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Milyang, Republic of Korea

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Hoe-Saeng Yang Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Pyong in Yi Department of Bioenvironmental Energy, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Milyang, Republic of Korea

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Sang-Myeong Lee College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea

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Beum-Soo An Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Milyang, Republic of Korea

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extracellular Ca 2+ concentration in normal rat pituitary cells in vitro . TRH stimulates PRL release via elevated intracellular free Ca 2+ ( Gershengorn 1986 ). Chelation of extracellular Ca 2+ has been shown to reduce PRL secretion and synthesis in the GH3

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