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Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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, a database of transcription factor-binding profiles ( http://jaspar.genereg.net ). The productions of each pair of primers covered two to four binding sites of TBX21 with score higher than 5.5. The primers for each gene were listed in Supplementary
Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
Department of Biochemistry and the Environmental Science Programme, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China
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Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
Department of Biochemistry and the Environmental Science Programme, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China
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Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
Department of Biochemistry and the Environmental Science Programme, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China
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Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
Department of Biochemistry and the Environmental Science Programme, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China
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Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
Department of Biochemistry and the Environmental Science Programme, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China
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Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
Department of Biochemistry and the Environmental Science Programme, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China
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Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
Department of Biochemistry and the Environmental Science Programme, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China
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Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
Department of Biochemistry and the Environmental Science Programme, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China
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Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
Department of Biochemistry and the Environmental Science Programme, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China
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Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
Department of Biochemistry and the Environmental Science Programme, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China
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Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
Department of Biochemistry and the Environmental Science Programme, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China
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Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
Department of Biochemistry and the Environmental Science Programme, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China
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Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
Department of Biochemistry and the Environmental Science Programme, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China
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Introduction The doublesex and mab-3 (DM)-related transcription factor 1 ( Dmrt1 ) belongs to the DM domain gene family. Among the different phyla of the animal kingdom including vertebrates, it is the only gene found to be conserved
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. Boutillier AL , Monnier D, Koch B & Loeffler JP 1994 Pituitary adenyl cyclase-activating peptide: a hypophysiotropic factor that stimulates proopiomelanocortin gene transcription, and proopiomelanocortin-derived peptide secretion in corticotropic cells
Physiology and Pharmacology and
Medicine, University of Western Ontario, Canada
Children’s Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
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Physiology and Pharmacology and
Medicine, University of Western Ontario, Canada
Children’s Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
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Physiology and Pharmacology and
Medicine, University of Western Ontario, Canada
Children’s Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
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Physiology and Pharmacology and
Medicine, University of Western Ontario, Canada
Children’s Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
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Physiology and Pharmacology and
Medicine, University of Western Ontario, Canada
Children’s Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
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pancreatic precursor cells into either acinar, islet or duct cells is apparent morphologically ( Slack 1995 ). The differentiation of these cells is regulated by the correct temporal and spatial expression of a series of transcription factors that direct
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biosynthesis is coordinately controlled by different corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH)-triggered transcription factors at the level of the proopiomelanocortin ( Pomc ) promoter. Two Nur DNA-binding sites have been identified on the Pomc promoter. The
School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
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School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
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School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
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School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
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School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
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transcription factor, signal transduction, and metabolic enzyme gene expression. We have used 10 mM l -glutamine in the work reported in this paper, so as to saturate l -glutamine transport and allow comparison of our results with previously published studies
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To investigate the molecular mechanisms of increased transcription of the insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) gene in dietary protein-deprived animals, the cis-acting sequence that is involved in this regulation was analyzed. We first showed that IGFBP-1 gene transcription was up-regulated by amino acid deprivation in cultured liver cell lines: H4IIE and HuH-7. Since HuH-7 cells showed a greater increase in IGFBP-1 mRNA in response to amino acid deprivation, this cell line was used in further experiments. Using a promoter function assay, we found that up-regulation of promoter activity responding to amino acid deprivation was abolished by deleting the region between -112 and -81 bp from the cap site from the gene construct. This cis-acting region includes the insulin-responsive element (IRE) and glucocorticoid responsive element (GRE) of IGFBP-1. In summary, the present observation suggests that the 32-bp (-112 to -81) in the IGFBP-1 gene 5' promoter region is involved in the induction of the IGFBP-1 gene in response to amino acid deprivation.
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The steroidogenic acute regulatory (STAR) protein is an essential cholesterol transporter that shuttles cholesterol from the outer to the inner mitochondrial membrane in the major steroidogenic endocrine organs. It is a key player in the acute regulation of steroid hormone biosynthesis in response to tropic hormone stimulation. Its discovery thirty years ago sparked immediate interest in understanding how STAR action is controlled. Since increased STAR gene expression is a classic feature of the acute regulation of steroidogenesis, a special emphasis was placed on defining the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms that underlie its rapid induction in response to tropic hormone stimulation. These mechanisms include the effects of enhancers, the regulation of chromatin accessibility, the impact of epigenetic factors, and the role of transcription factors. Over the past three decades, understanding the transcription factors that regulate STAR gene expression has been the subject of more than 170 independent scientific publications making it one of, and if not the best, studied genes in the steroidogenic pathway. This intense research effort has led to the identification of dozens of transcription factors and their related binding sites in STAR 5' flanking (promoter) sequences across multiple species. STAR gene transcription appears to be complex in that a large number of transcription factors have been proposed to interact with either isolated or overlapping regulatory sequences that are tightly clustered over a relatively short promoter region upstream of the STAR transcription start site. Many of these transcription factors appear to work in unique combinatorial codes and are impacted by diverse hormonal and intracellular signaling pathways. This review provides a retrospective overview on the transcription factors proposed to regulate both basal and acute (hormonal) STAR gene expression, and how insights in this area have evolved over the past thirty years
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Abstract
Scleraxis is a recently identified transcription factor with a basic helix-loop-helix motif, which is expressed in sclerotome during embryonic development. We have examined the expression of scleraxis mRNA in rat osteoblastic cells and found that the scleraxis gene was expressed as a 1·2 kb mRNA species in osteoblastic osteosarcoma ROS 17/2·8 cells. The scleraxis mRNA expression was enhanced by type-β transforming growth factor (TGFβ) treatment. The TGFβ effect was observed in a dosedependent manner starting at 0·2 ng/ml and saturating at 2 ng/ml. The effect was time-dependent and was first observed within 12 h and peaked at 24 h. The TGFβ effect was blocked by cycloheximide, while no effect on scleraxis mRNA stability was observed. TGFβ treatment enhanced scleraxis-E box (Scx-E) binding activity in the nuclear extracts of ROS17/2·8 cells. Furthermore, TGFβ enhanced transcriptional activity of the CAT constructs which contain the Scx-E box sequence. TGFβ treatment also enhanced scleraxis gene expression in osteoblastenriched cells derived from primary rat calvaria. These findings indicated for the first time that the novel helixloop-helix type transcription factor (scleraxis) mRNA is expressed in osteoblasts and its expression is regulated by TGFβ.
Journal of Endocrinology (1996) 151, 491–499
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Androgenic status affects rat preadipocyte adipose conversion from two deep intra-abdominal (epididymal and perirenal) fat depots differently. The aim of this study was to establish whether these site-specific alterations of adipogenesis are related to altered expressions of the transcriptional factors regulating proliferation and differentiation of preadipocytes, c-myc and CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins (C/EBPs: C/EBPalpha and beta). The increased proliferation of epididymal and perirenal preadipocytes from castrated rats was not linked to variations in c-myc mRNA and protein levels. The expression of the early marker of adipogenesis, lipoprotein lipase (LPL), was decreased by androgenic deprivation in epididymal cells but remained insensitive to the androgenic status in perirenal preadipocytes. In contrast, LPL expression increased in subcutaneous preadipocytes from castrated rats, an effect which was partly corrected by testosterone treatment. Expression of C/EBPbeta was unaffected by androgenic status whatever the anatomical origin of the preadipocytes. In contrast, the mRNA and protein levels of C/EBPalpha were greatly decreased by androgenic deprivation in epididymal cells, an alteration which could not be corrected by in vivo testosterone administration. Altogether these results demonstrated that in preadipocytes androgenic deprivation affects site-specifically the expression of LPL, an early marker of adipogenesis and of C/EBPalpha, a master regulator of adipogenesis. These observations contribute to an explanation of why castration induces defective adipose conversion in rat epididymal preadipocytes specifically.
