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ABSTRACT
The effect of tri-iodothyronine (T3) treatment on myocardial levels of α and β myosin heavy chain (MHC) mRNAs in the rat was defined in vivo and in vitro. Dose–response experiments were performed in intact hypothyroid and euthyroid rats; in addition, studies in vitro examined the effect of T3 on MHC mRNAs in neonatal cardiac myocytes in primary culture. Specific α and β MHC mRNAs were determined by Northern blot and dot hybridization to oligonucleotide probes complementary to the 3′ untranslated regions of the MHC genes. An increase in myocardial β MHC mRNA was demonstrated in hypothyroidism, accompanied by a reduction in α MHC mRNA. Marked differences in the sensitivity of α and β MHC mRNAs to T3 replacement were found; a dose-dependent increase in α mRNA was evident at 6 h after T3 treatment, in the absence of consistent effects on β mRNA, whereas 72 h after T3 replacement was commenced, stimulatory effects of T3 on α MHC mRNA, evident at all doses, were accompanied by a dose-dependent inhibition of β MHC mRNA. No effect of thyroid status on actin mRNA was found, indicating the specificity of MHC gene regulation. T3 treatment of cardiac myocytes in vitro exerted similar actions on MHC mRNAs to those found in vivo, with a more marked influence on α than β MHC mRNA. These studies of the action of T3 in vivo and in vitro have thus demonstrated specific effects of T3 on pretranslational regulation of the α and β MHC genes, influences which differ not only in terms of stimulation or inhibition, but also in magnitude of effect.
Journal of Endocrinology (1989) 122, 193–200
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Abstract
The rapid detection of gene activation is important for our understanding of gene regulation. We have therefore studied heteronuclear (i.e. nascent) RNA (hnRNA) by using 35S-labelled corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) riboprobes and arginine vasopressin (AVP) oligonucleotide probes directed against intronic and exonic sequences of both CRH and AVP transcripts for in situ hybridization studies of transcriptional changes during acute stress. CRH and AVP intronic signals (found in newly synthesized transcripts) were confined to the nuclei of the parvocellular cells in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) whilst CRH and AVP exonic signals (found in both newly formed and mature transcripts) were primarily located in the cytoplasm of these cells. AVP hnRNA and mRNA were also present at high levels in the magnocellular PVN. The levels of CRH hnRNA and parvocellular AVP hnRNA in the PVN were significantly increased 1 and 2 h after the onset of restraint. The levels of CRH mRNA on the other hand were not significantly increased until 4 h after the onset of restraint. The number of AVP mRNA-expressing neurons in the medial parvocellular cells of the PVN significantly increased at 2 h and peaked at 4 h after the onset of stress. In contrast, densitometric analysis indicated that the increase in AVP mRNA levels in these cells did not reach significant difference from control until 4 h after the onset of restraint. There were no significant changes in AVP hnRNA or AVP mRNA levels in the magnocellular subdivision of PVN at any time point after the onset of restraint.
Journal of Endocrinology (1997) 152, 81–89
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organism level. Journal of Molecular Endocrinology – Focus on molecular and cellular mechanisms in endocrinology, including gene regulation, cell biology and signalling. The journal considers basic and pathophysiological studies at the molecular and
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Houston Methodist Research Institute, College of Arts and Sciences, Departments of Paediatrics, Children's Health Research Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Genomic Medicine Program, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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Houston Methodist Research Institute, College of Arts and Sciences, Departments of Paediatrics, Children's Health Research Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Genomic Medicine Program, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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mice. Thus, our data support the idea that hepatic effects of TH on gene regulation and metabolism are largely independent of Fgf21 . Materials and method Mice All animal experiments were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of Houston
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-delivery technologies, combinatorial chemistry, pharmacogenomics, gene regulation and manipulation. Pharmacotherapy will continue to be the backbone of endocrine treatment. Time-regulated formulations of steroid hormones will have replaced the clumsy regimens
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–reporter constructs (such as in promoter deletion and mutagenesis assays). While stable cell lines are more likely to reflect the true nature of molecular interactions in gene regulation, especially with regard to chromatin and transcription dynamics, the generation
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(GREs), i.e. cis-regulatory regions of target genes ( Dahlman-Wright et al . 1990 , Luisi et al . 1991 ). Gene regulation by the GR GCs regulate various inflammatory and host defense genes in the lung through different mechanisms. Additionally, GCs
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, Weitzel & Iwen 2011 ). The THRs belong to a group of transcription factors whose gene regulation function is depending on the presence or absence of their particular ligand (i.e. TH). Liganded and un-liganded THRs recruit cofactors which convert chromatin
Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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endogenous circadian clock signalling is associated with changes in MR-mediated gene expression. Cardiomyocyte MRs are not selective and bind glucocorticoids; aldosterone was therefore used here as a ‘pure’ MR agonist to identify MR-selective gene regulation
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revolutionize our understanding of gene regulation and transcriptional networks in endocrine tissues. In order to reconstruct transcriptional networks and to elucidate the epigenetic processes in endocrine cell development and function, it is desirable to
