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-converting enzymes. Among the most important, thyroid hormone transporters are MCT8 and MCT10. MCT8 transports both T 4 and T 3 and is expressed in liver, muscle, kidney and in many brain areas ( Alkemade et al . 2005 , Heuer et al . 2005 ), whereas MCT10
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Introduction Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a broad spectrum of diseases from reversible steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a severe condition characterized by inflammation, cell death, fibrosis, and
Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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( Dirkx et al. 2012 ). These findings suggest a broader role for PKD in the control of glucose metabolism in various tissues. The liver is critical for the control of systemic glycemia and glucose metabolism. Under pre-prandial and fasting conditions
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contrast to earlier findings, other investigators have detected the presence of PANDER in stomach, muscle, liver, and brain tissues ( Li et al . 2011 ). The family with sequence similarity 3 (FAM3) was identified using a computational algorithm known as
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Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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Introduction De novo synthesis of glucose from glycan precursors (non-sugars or non-carbohydrates), such as lactate, amino acids, and glycerol, is defined as gluconeogenesis. This synthesis is controlled by the liver and the cortex of the
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that these changes in the winter state are due to reduced daily food intake and increased whole-body daily energy expenditure ( Warner et al . 2010 ). We recently reported that plasma levels of FGF21, along with its local FGF21 protein content in liver
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likely that the TH system and TH-mediated signaling play a pivotal role in the control of substrate utilization and thus body temperature of heat-stressed cows. In order to distinguish between heat and energy intake-related effects, we analyzed the liver
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estimated to be 1.1–3.9 mg of which around 50% is stored in the liver ( Doets et al. 2013 ). Although even marginal B 12 deficiency can be harmful ( O’Leary & Samman 2010 ), B 12 intake and/or absorption must be inadequate for a prolonged period before
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Centre for Discovery Brain Science, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, Edinburgh, UK
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Clinical & Translational Research Institute, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Mass Spectrometry Core Laboratory, Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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liver by arterio-venous sampling of production rates of d3F regenerated by 11βHSD1 ( Andrew et al. 2005 , Basu et al. 2006 , 2009 ) supports the view that, in humans, the majority of circulating cortisol arising from 11βHSD1-mediated glucocorticoid
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high triglyceride levels and low HDL cholesterol concentrations and hypertension ( Després & Lemieux 2006 ). Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a pathophysiological accumulation of lipids in the liver, is considered the hepatic hallmark of MetS