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Yuriko Sakai, Hideyuki Arie, Yinhua Ni, Fen Zhuge, Liang Xu, Guanliang Chen, Naoto Nagata, Takuya Suzuki, Shuichi Kaneko, Tsuguhito Ota, and Mayumi Nagashimada

accompanied by hepatic inflammation and progressive fibrosis, often resulting in cirrhosis ( Diehl & Day 2017 ). Although novel therapeutic interventions for NASH have been developed in recent years, its global incidence is on the rise ( Friedman et al . 2018

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Karen Oliva, Gillian Barker, Gregory E Rice, Mark J Bailey, and Martha Lappas

and omental adipose tissues are characterised by differences in the expression of genes and proteins related to glucose and lipid metabolism, lipid transport and cellular stress and inflammation ( Linder et al . 2004 , Vohl et al . 2004 , Perez

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Qiuhua Yang, Jiean Xu, Qian Ma, Zhiping Liu, Yaqi Zhou, Yongfeng Cai, Xiaoxiao Mao, David Stepp, Neal Weintraub, David J Fulton, Mei Hong, and Yuqing Huo

-fat diet (HFD)-induced insulin resistance. Saturated fatty acids are major contributors to the process of high-fat feeding, causing insulin resistance ( Nakamura et al. 2009 ). It has been well demonstrated that palmitate induces inflammation in

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Martha Lappas

and nucleotide-binding oligomerisation domain containing protein-like receptor (NLR) are the two families of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that play critical roles in inflammation. The two prominent members of the NLRs are the cytosolic PRRs NOD

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Anita Boelen, Anne H van der Spek, Flavia Bloise, Emmely M de Vries, Olga V Surovtseva, Mieke van Beeren, Mariette T Ackermans, Joan Kwakkel, and Eric Fliers

specific T 3 -responsive genes in liver and muscle. Three different NTIS models that differ in timing and severity were used: acute inflammation, chronic inflammation and bacterial sepsis. All these models represent true forms of NTIS; low serum T 3 and T

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Zhenguang Zhang, Agnes E Coutinho, Tak Yung Man, Tiina M J Kipari, Patrick W F Hadoke, Donald M Salter, Jonathan R Seckl, and Karen E Chapman

arthritis, the role of endogenous corticosteroids in regulating inflammation is less well understood ( Coutinho & Chapman 2011 ). Nevertheless, macrophages have emerged as a key target for the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of endogenous

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Sébastien Desarzens and Nourdine Faresse

-induced inflammation in adipose tissue ( Fried et al . 1998 , Patsouris et al . 2009 ). However, the relative contribution of MR and GR in this process is not totally resolved. Pharmacological inhibition of MR by eplerenone reduces the expression of pro

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Patrik Šimják, Anna Cinkajzlová, Kateřina Anderlová, Antonín Pařízek, Miloš Mráz, Michal Kršek, and Martin Haluzík

subclinical inflammation in adipose tissue and alteration of the intestinal microbiome. GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; IFN-γ, interferon gamma; IL, interleukin; NK cells, natural killer cells; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; Tc lymphocytes, T cytotoxic

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Hamza Amine, Yacir Benomar, Adil Haimeur, Hafida Messaouri, Nadia Meskini, and Mohammed Taouis

investigated the impact of HFD supplementation with OA on other inflammation markers. We showed that HFD induced the up-regulation of IBA1, ICAM1 and CD68 ( Fig. 6 E, F and G). This effect was completely prevented by OA supplementation ( Fig. 6 E, F and G

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Andrew W Norris, Katie Larson Ode, Lina Merjaneh, Srinath Sanda, Yaling Yi, Xingshen Sun, John F Engelhardt, and Rebecca L Hull

pancreatic disease may also drive endocrine pancreas pathology, as young children with CF already exhibit loss of islet β cells and islet inflammation ( Bogdani et al. 2017 , Hull et al. 2018 ). Such early pathological changes in the endocrine pancreas