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Brenna Osborne Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
Department of Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Center for Healthy Aging, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Lauren E Wright Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia

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Amanda E Brandon Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

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Ella Stuart Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia

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Lewin Small Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia

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Joris Hoeks NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands

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Patrick Schrauwen NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands

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David A Sinclair Department of Genetics, Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

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Magdalene K Montgomery Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
Department of Anatomy & Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

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Gregory J Cooney Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

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Nigel Turner Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
Department of Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Cellular Bioenergetics Laboratory, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia

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glucose metabolism, fatty acid oxidation, oxidative phosphorylation and the urea cycle. Indeed, SIRT3 has been associated with beneficial outcomes in a range of health aspects including age-related dysfunction ( Brown et al. 2013 ), metabolism ( Hirschey

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-22-0101
Volume/Issue:
Volume 258: Issue 3
Restricted access
Amanda E Brandon Diabetes and Metabolism Division, St Vincent's Clinical School, School of Medical Sciences, School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, School of Molecular Bioscience and Sydney Medical School, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia
Diabetes and Metabolism Division, St Vincent's Clinical School, School of Medical Sciences, School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, School of Molecular Bioscience and Sydney Medical School, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia

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Ella Stuart Diabetes and Metabolism Division, St Vincent's Clinical School, School of Medical Sciences, School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, School of Molecular Bioscience and Sydney Medical School, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia

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Simon J Leslie Diabetes and Metabolism Division, St Vincent's Clinical School, School of Medical Sciences, School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, School of Molecular Bioscience and Sydney Medical School, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia

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Kyle L Hoehn Diabetes and Metabolism Division, St Vincent's Clinical School, School of Medical Sciences, School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, School of Molecular Bioscience and Sydney Medical School, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia

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David E James Diabetes and Metabolism Division, St Vincent's Clinical School, School of Medical Sciences, School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, School of Molecular Bioscience and Sydney Medical School, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia

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Edward W Kraegen Diabetes and Metabolism Division, St Vincent's Clinical School, School of Medical Sciences, School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, School of Molecular Bioscience and Sydney Medical School, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia
Diabetes and Metabolism Division, St Vincent's Clinical School, School of Medical Sciences, School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, School of Molecular Bioscience and Sydney Medical School, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia

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Nigel Turner Diabetes and Metabolism Division, St Vincent's Clinical School, School of Medical Sciences, School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, School of Molecular Bioscience and Sydney Medical School, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia

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Gregory J Cooney Diabetes and Metabolism Division, St Vincent's Clinical School, School of Medical Sciences, School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, School of Molecular Bioscience and Sydney Medical School, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia
Diabetes and Metabolism Division, St Vincent's Clinical School, School of Medical Sciences, School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, School of Molecular Bioscience and Sydney Medical School, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia

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Introduction The oxidation of fatty acids in cells requires transport into mitochondria where the enzymes of β-oxidation are located. This transport utilises the enzyme carnitine palmitoyl transferase (CPT)-1 and an important regulator of CPT-1

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-15-0444
Volume/Issue:
Volume 228: Issue 3
Free access
C G Walker Centre for Diabetes and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Queen Mary, University of London, 4 Newark Street, Whitechapel, London E1 2AT, UK
Metabolic Research Laboratory, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK

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M C Sugden Centre for Diabetes and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Queen Mary, University of London, 4 Newark Street, Whitechapel, London E1 2AT, UK
Metabolic Research Laboratory, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK

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G F Gibbons Centre for Diabetes and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Queen Mary, University of London, 4 Newark Street, Whitechapel, London E1 2AT, UK
Metabolic Research Laboratory, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK

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M J Holness Centre for Diabetes and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Queen Mary, University of London, 4 Newark Street, Whitechapel, London E1 2AT, UK
Metabolic Research Laboratory, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK

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the production of glycerol-3-phosphate to form the TAG backbone for fatty acid (FA) esterification. Glucose can also be used for the formation of FA de novo . Adipocyte glucose uptake and its conversion to glycerol-3-phosphate are also enhanced by the

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/JOE-06-0205
Volume/Issue:
Volume 193: Issue 1
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Ken KY Ho Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent’s Hospital and the UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

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Anthony J O’Sullivan St. George Hospital and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

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Morton G Burt Southern Adelaide Diabetes and Endocrine, Flinders Medical Centre and College of Medicine and Public Health, and Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia

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. 2000 ). As such, GH reduces uptake and enhances the output of free fatty acid in adipose tissue. Studies using indirect calorimetry demonstrate that GH also stimulates lipid oxidation ( Stenlof et al. 1995 , Gibney et al. 2005 ). These multiple

Article Type:
Review Article
Collections:
Endocrine Society of Australia special collection
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-22-0197
Volume/Issue:
Volume 257: Issue 2
Free access
Ricardo J Samms School of Life Sciences, Lilly Research Laboratories, Chemistry Department, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK

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Michelle Murphy School of Life Sciences, Lilly Research Laboratories, Chemistry Department, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK

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Maxine J Fowler School of Life Sciences, Lilly Research Laboratories, Chemistry Department, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK

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Scott Cooper School of Life Sciences, Lilly Research Laboratories, Chemistry Department, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK

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Paul Emmerson School of Life Sciences, Lilly Research Laboratories, Chemistry Department, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK

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Tamer Coskun School of Life Sciences, Lilly Research Laboratories, Chemistry Department, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK

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Andrew C Adams School of Life Sciences, Lilly Research Laboratories, Chemistry Department, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK

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Alexei Kharitonenkov School of Life Sciences, Lilly Research Laboratories, Chemistry Department, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK

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Francis J P Ebling School of Life Sciences, Lilly Research Laboratories, Chemistry Department, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK

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Kostas Tsintzas School of Life Sciences, Lilly Research Laboratories, Chemistry Department, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK

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physiological role of FGF21 is reported to occur during the adaptive response to starvation in rodents ( Markan et al . 2014 ). Hepatic-derived FGF21 has been shown to function in an endocrine manner to facilitate hepatic fatty acid mitochondrial delivery, β-oxidation

Article Type:
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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-15-0334
Volume/Issue:
Volume 227: Issue 1
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Aryane Cruz Oliveira Pinho Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Coimbra, Portugal
Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, Coimbra, Portugal

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Diana Santos Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Coimbra, Portugal
Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Casa Costa Alemão, Rua Dom Francisco de Lemos, Coimbra, Portugal

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Inês Baldeiras Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Coimbra, Portugal

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Ana Burgeiro Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Coimbra, Portugal

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Emelindo C Leal Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Coimbra, Portugal
Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Casa Costa Alemão, Rua Dom Francisco de Lemos, Coimbra, Portugal

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Eugenia Carvalho Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Coimbra, Portugal
Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Casa Costa Alemão, Rua Dom Francisco de Lemos, Coimbra, Portugal
APDP-Portuguese Diabetes Association, Lisbon, Portugal

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oxidation (FAO)-linked OXPHOS, was used to determine the contribution of the ß-oxidation of fatty acids, with sequentially added NADH-linked substrates to OXPHOS, as shown in Table 1 . Table 1 High-resolution respirometry; substrate, uncoupler and

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-21-0446
Volume/Issue:
Volume 254: Issue 3
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Antonio Gázquez Department of Physiology, CEIR Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia, Murcia, Spain

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Francisca Rodríguez Department of Physiology, CEIR Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia, Murcia, Spain

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María Sánchez-Campillo Department of Physiology, CEIR Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia, Murcia, Spain

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Lidia E Martínez-Gascón Department of Clinical Analysis, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia, Santa Lucia General University Hospital, Murcia, Spain

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Marino B Arnao Department of Plant Biology (Plant Physiology), University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain

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Pedro Saura-Garre Department of Clinical Psychology, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain

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María D Albaladejo-Otón Department of Clinical Analysis, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia, Santa Lucia General University Hospital, Murcia, Spain

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Elvira Larqué Department of Physiology, CEIR Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia, Murcia, Spain

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transport of docosahexaenoic acid (22:6 n-3, DHA) by GDM ( Herrera & Ortega-Senovilla 2010 , Leveille et al. 2018 ), likely as a consequence of alterations in fatty acids (FA) transport proteins related to phospholipids transfer such as the major

Article Type:
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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-20-0617
Volume/Issue:
Volume 251: Issue 1
Open access
Mingjuan Deng Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China

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Fang Qu Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China

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Long Chen Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
Research Center for Probiotics, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China

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Chang Liu Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China

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Ming Zhang School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China

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Fazheng Ren Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
Research Center for Probiotics, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China

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Huiyuan Guo Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
Research Center for Probiotics, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China

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Hao Zhang Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China

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Shaoyang Ge Research Center for Probiotics, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
Hebei Engineering Research Center of Animal Product, Sanhe, China

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Chaodong Wu Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA

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Liang Zhao Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
Research Center for Probiotics, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China

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proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARa) target genes which are involved in free fatty acid (FFA) oxidation, glycogen storage, thermogenesis, gluconeogenesis, and lipogenesis ( den Besten et al . 2015 ). As such, SCFAs act to both directly and indirectly

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-20-0018
Volume/Issue:
Volume 245: Issue 3
Restricted access
You-Hua Xu Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China

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Chen-Lin Gao Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China

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Heng-Li Guo Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China

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Wen-Qian Zhang Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China

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Wei Huang Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China

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Shan-Shan Tang Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China

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Wen-Jun Gan Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China

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Yong Xu Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China

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Hua Zhou Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China

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Quan Zhu Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China

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-endotoxemia. Metabolites from gut microbiota, mainly short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) which are the metabolic products of intestinal bacterial of fermentation of undigested carbohydrates, have been found to be significantly decreased in T2DM population ( Qin et al. 2012

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-18-0137
Volume/Issue:
Volume 238: Issue 3
Free access
Sangeeta Maity Cell Biology and Physiology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India

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Dipak Kar Cell Biology and Physiology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India

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Kakali De Cell Biology and Physiology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India

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Vivek Chander Cell Biology and Physiology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India

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Arun Bandyopadhyay Cell Biology and Physiology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India

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, ischemia, myocardial infarction, and neurohormonal factors ( Chu et al . 2002 , Drazner 2005 ). Under normal conditions, fatty acids are the main source of energy, which undergo β-oxidation in mitochondria to provide about 70–90% of total ATP. However

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-12-0304
Volume/Issue:
Volume 217: Issue 2
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