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Alex M DePaoli NGM Biopharmaceuticals, Development, 630 Gateway Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA

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Bard RL Bodary PF Eitzman DT Rajagopalan S Sun Y DePaoli AM 2007 Blood pressure and vascular effects of leptin in humans . Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders 5 270 – 274 . ( doi:10.1089/met.2006.0023 ) Canavan B Salem RO

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Guillermo García-Eguren Group of Endocrine Disorders, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain

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Oriol Giró Group of Endocrine Disorders, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain

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María del Mar Romero Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Section of Nutrition, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain

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Mar Grasa Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Section of Nutrition, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain

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Felicia A Hanzu Group of Endocrine Disorders, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

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exogenous prescribed GC treatment, induces a high cardiovascular and metabolic burden during active disease. Moreover, a long time after remission of hypercortisolism in endogenous CS, a metabolic syndrome-like phenotype persists with central obesity

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Jianmei Yang Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
Endocrinology, SBMS, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld, Australia

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Chen Chen Endocrinology, SBMS, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld, Australia

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IR in PCOS women ( Li et al. 2022 ). The patients with PCOS and IR had a significantly increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and obesity ( Huang et al. 2020

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Ali Aflatounian Fertility and Research Centre, School of Women’s & Children’s Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

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Melissa C Edwards Fertility and Research Centre, School of Women’s & Children’s Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Andrology Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Concord Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

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Valentina Rodriguez Paris Fertility and Research Centre, School of Women’s & Children’s Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

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Michael J Bertoldo Fertility and Research Centre, School of Women’s & Children’s Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Laboratory for Ageing Research, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

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Reena Desai Andrology Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Concord Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

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Robert B Gilchrist Fertility and Research Centre, School of Women’s & Children’s Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

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William L Ledger Fertility and Research Centre, School of Women’s & Children’s Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

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David J Handelsman Andrology Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Concord Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

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Kirsty A Walters Fertility and Research Centre, School of Women’s & Children’s Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Andrology Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Concord Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

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also associated with a significant metabolic impact, as PCOS women often display obesity, metabolic syndrome, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis and dyslipidemia, and these traits heighten the risk of type 2 diabetes and

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G Boaventura
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G Casimiro-Lopes
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C C Pazos-Moura Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biofisica Carlos Chagas Filho, 5° Andar, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida 28 de Setembro, 87, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil

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E Oliveira
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P C Lisboa
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E G Moura
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resistance and an altered lipid profile) are similar to those of metabolic syndrome ( Moura et al . 2009 ). More recently, we obtained a similar profile in adult animals with a non-pharmacological model where a maternal bandage was used to cover the teats of

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Xiaonan Yan State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China

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Xiaonan Dai State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China

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Jing Wang State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China

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Nannan Zhao State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China

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Yugui Cui State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China

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Jiayin Liu State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China

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Introduction Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous reproductive and metabolic disorder characterized by anovulation, hyperandrogenism, polycystic ovaries, LH hypersecretion, insulin resistance, and reduced fecundity. A heterogeneous

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Andreas Nygaard Madsen
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Gitte Hansen
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Sarah Juel Paulsen
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Kirsten Lykkegaard
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Mads Tang-Christensen
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Harald S Hansen Rheoscience A/S, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Neurology Service, Department of Neurology and Neurosciencies, NovoNordisk A/S, Rødovre 2610, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Barry E Levin Rheoscience A/S, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Neurology Service, Department of Neurology and Neurosciencies, NovoNordisk A/S, Rødovre 2610, Copenhagen, Denmark
Rheoscience A/S, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Neurology Service, Department of Neurology and Neurosciencies, NovoNordisk A/S, Rødovre 2610, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Philip Just Larsen
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Lotte Bjerre Knudsen Rheoscience A/S, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Neurology Service, Department of Neurology and Neurosciencies, NovoNordisk A/S, Rødovre 2610, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Keld Fosgerau
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Niels Vrang
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understand long-term metabolic characteristics, as the obesity syndrome develops and progresses. The polygenetic and inheritable background of the DIO trait as well as the homogeneous development of obesity in the selectively bred DIO rats on HE diet ( Levin

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Jie Wei Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China

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Xia Sun Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China

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Yajie Chen Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China

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Yuanyuan Li
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Liqiong Song
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Zhao Zhou
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Bing Xu
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Yi Lin Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China

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Shunqing Xu
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Introduction Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the typical hepatic manifestations of metabolic syndrome characterized by hepatic fat accumulation in the absence of excess alcohol consumption. NAFLD affects 15–40% of the general

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Alison V Roland Departments of, Medicine, Cell Biology, University of Virginia, PO Box 800578, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA

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Craig S Nunemaker Departments of, Medicine, Cell Biology, University of Virginia, PO Box 800578, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA

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Susanna R Keller Departments of, Medicine, Cell Biology, University of Virginia, PO Box 800578, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA
Departments of, Medicine, Cell Biology, University of Virginia, PO Box 800578, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA

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Suzanne M Moenter Departments of, Medicine, Cell Biology, University of Virginia, PO Box 800578, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA
Departments of, Medicine, Cell Biology, University of Virginia, PO Box 800578, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA

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-enriched genes . Diabetes 58 185 – 193 doi:10.2337/db08-1150 . Demissie M Lazic M Foecking EM Aird F Dunaif A Levine JE 2008 Transient prenatal androgen exposure produces metabolic syndrome in adult female rats . American Journal of

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Chiung-Kuei Huang George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, Urology, and The Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA

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Soo Ok Lee George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, Urology, and The Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA

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Eugene Chang George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, Urology, and The Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
Department of Medicine, Case Cardiovascular Institute Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA

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Haiyan Pang George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, Urology, and The Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA

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Chawnshang Chang George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, Urology, and The Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
Sex Hormone Research Center, China Medical University/Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan

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, suggesting the androgen levels might need to be balanced. Therefore, androgen/AR signaling might not be the suitable therapeutic target in heart failure patients. AR effects on the metabolic syndrome/diabetes and their impacts on CVDs Earlier we

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