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Introduction The primary functions of the mammalian ovary are steroidogenesis and ovulation, processes that are intricately connected to folliculogenesis. Primordial follicles are formed from oocyte nests after synchronous oocyte
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Introduction Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women, affecting 5–10% of females of reproductive age ( Franks 1995 , Diamanti-Kandarakis et al . 1999 ). PCOS is clinically evident at puberty, but emerging
Centre for Neurobiochemical Studies on Endocrine Diseases, Laboratory of Neurobiochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
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Introduction High testosterone plasma levels and the presence of fluid-filled follicles (cysts) that do not ovulate characterize polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). PCOS is the most prevalent ovarian pathology in women, affecting 5–12% of women
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cycle-dependent manner, with maximal expression coinciding with the time of potential implantation in humans ( Suman et al. 2013 , Rosario & Stewart 2016 ). Otherwise, LIF and its receptors are expressed in the human fetal ovary and may directly
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Introduction The ovary is one of few organs in the body to undergo serial angiogenesis which is intimately involved in ovarian follicle development ( Fraser & Wulff 2001 , Wulff et al. 2001 b , 2002 , Zimmermann et al. 2001
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activin β subunits gives rise to three forms of activin, that is, activin A (βAβA), activin B (βBβB) and activin AB (βAβB). Both βA and βB subunits can also combine with the α subunit and form inhibin-A (αβA) and -B (αβB) respectively. In the ovary
Department of Zoology, Department of Animal Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
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hypothalamus–pituitary–gonadal axis, its involvement in mechanisms regulating the reproductive processes is quite obvious ( Rosselli et al . 1998 , Dixit & Parvizi 2001 ). In ovary, expression and activity of eNOS and iNOS varies greatly in different animal
Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
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Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, China
Research Units of Comprehensive Diagnosis and Treatment of Oocyte Maturation Arrest, Beijing, China
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Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
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Introduction Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine and metabolic disorders in women of reproductive age. The prevalence of PCOS is approximately 5–10% ( Norman et al. 2007 ). It is characterized by a
Institute of Endocrine Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Institute of Endocrine Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Institute of Endocrine Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Institute of Endocrine Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Institute of Endocrine Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Institute of Endocrine Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Institute of Endocrine Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Institute of Endocrine Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Introduction Recent evidence indicates that bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are expressed in a cell-specific manner in the mammalian ovary, and they play key roles in the regulation of folliculogenesis, ovulation, and corpus
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Monash Health, Victoria, Australia
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Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Monash Health, Victoria, Australia
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Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Monash Health, Victoria, Australia
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Introduction Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a chronic complex multisystem disorder that affects 8–13% of reproductive-aged women and 3–11% of adolescent girls depending on the population studied and the diagnostic criteria applied