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Ioannis Simitsidellis Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, UK

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Arantza Esnal-Zuffiaure Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, UK

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Olympia Kelepouri Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, UK

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Elisabeth O’Flaherty Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, UK

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Douglas A Gibson Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, UK

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Philippa T K Saunders Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, UK

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-binding globulin ( Barbieri & Ryan 1981 ). Danazol has been used since the 1970s to treat women with endometriosis, as well as other conditions, including pain associated with benign fibrocystic breast disease ( Ramsey-Stewart 1988 ). Although Danazol was reported

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Silvana Y Romero-Zerbo Fundación IMABIS, Instituto de Bioingeniería and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Department of Physiology, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Institute of Medical Sciences, Neurocentre Magendie, Hospital Carlos Haya de Málaga, Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Pabellón de Gobierno, sótano, Avenida Carlos Haya 82, 29010 Málaga, Spain
Fundación IMABIS, Instituto de Bioingeniería and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Department of Physiology, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Institute of Medical Sciences, Neurocentre Magendie, Hospital Carlos Haya de Málaga, Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Pabellón de Gobierno, sótano, Avenida Carlos Haya 82, 29010 Málaga, Spain

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Alex Rafacho Fundación IMABIS, Instituto de Bioingeniería and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Department of Physiology, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Institute of Medical Sciences, Neurocentre Magendie, Hospital Carlos Haya de Málaga, Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Pabellón de Gobierno, sótano, Avenida Carlos Haya 82, 29010 Málaga, Spain

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Adenis Díaz-Arteaga Fundación IMABIS, Instituto de Bioingeniería and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Department of Physiology, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Institute of Medical Sciences, Neurocentre Magendie, Hospital Carlos Haya de Málaga, Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Pabellón de Gobierno, sótano, Avenida Carlos Haya 82, 29010 Málaga, Spain
Fundación IMABIS, Instituto de Bioingeniería and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Department of Physiology, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Institute of Medical Sciences, Neurocentre Magendie, Hospital Carlos Haya de Málaga, Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Pabellón de Gobierno, sótano, Avenida Carlos Haya 82, 29010 Málaga, Spain

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Juan Suárez Fundación IMABIS, Instituto de Bioingeniería and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Department of Physiology, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Institute of Medical Sciences, Neurocentre Magendie, Hospital Carlos Haya de Málaga, Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Pabellón de Gobierno, sótano, Avenida Carlos Haya 82, 29010 Málaga, Spain
Fundación IMABIS, Instituto de Bioingeniería and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Department of Physiology, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Institute of Medical Sciences, Neurocentre Magendie, Hospital Carlos Haya de Málaga, Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Pabellón de Gobierno, sótano, Avenida Carlos Haya 82, 29010 Málaga, Spain

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Ivan Quesada Fundación IMABIS, Instituto de Bioingeniería and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Department of Physiology, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Institute of Medical Sciences, Neurocentre Magendie, Hospital Carlos Haya de Málaga, Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Pabellón de Gobierno, sótano, Avenida Carlos Haya 82, 29010 Málaga, Spain

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Mónica Imbernon Fundación IMABIS, Instituto de Bioingeniería and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Department of Physiology, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Institute of Medical Sciences, Neurocentre Magendie, Hospital Carlos Haya de Málaga, Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Pabellón de Gobierno, sótano, Avenida Carlos Haya 82, 29010 Málaga, Spain
Fundación IMABIS, Instituto de Bioingeniería and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Department of Physiology, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Institute of Medical Sciences, Neurocentre Magendie, Hospital Carlos Haya de Málaga, Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Pabellón de Gobierno, sótano, Avenida Carlos Haya 82, 29010 Málaga, Spain

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Ruth A Ross Fundación IMABIS, Instituto de Bioingeniería and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Department of Physiology, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Institute of Medical Sciences, Neurocentre Magendie, Hospital Carlos Haya de Málaga, Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Pabellón de Gobierno, sótano, Avenida Carlos Haya 82, 29010 Málaga, Spain

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Carlos Dieguez Fundación IMABIS, Instituto de Bioingeniería and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Department of Physiology, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Institute of Medical Sciences, Neurocentre Magendie, Hospital Carlos Haya de Málaga, Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Pabellón de Gobierno, sótano, Avenida Carlos Haya 82, 29010 Málaga, Spain
Fundación IMABIS, Instituto de Bioingeniería and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Department of Physiology, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Institute of Medical Sciences, Neurocentre Magendie, Hospital Carlos Haya de Málaga, Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Pabellón de Gobierno, sótano, Avenida Carlos Haya 82, 29010 Málaga, Spain

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Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca Fundación IMABIS, Instituto de Bioingeniería and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Department of Physiology, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Institute of Medical Sciences, Neurocentre Magendie, Hospital Carlos Haya de Málaga, Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Pabellón de Gobierno, sótano, Avenida Carlos Haya 82, 29010 Málaga, Spain
Fundación IMABIS, Instituto de Bioingeniería and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Department of Physiology, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Institute of Medical Sciences, Neurocentre Magendie, Hospital Carlos Haya de Málaga, Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Pabellón de Gobierno, sótano, Avenida Carlos Haya 82, 29010 Málaga, Spain

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Rubén Nogueiras Fundación IMABIS, Instituto de Bioingeniería and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Department of Physiology, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Institute of Medical Sciences, Neurocentre Magendie, Hospital Carlos Haya de Málaga, Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Pabellón de Gobierno, sótano, Avenida Carlos Haya 82, 29010 Málaga, Spain
Fundación IMABIS, Instituto de Bioingeniería and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Department of Physiology, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Institute of Medical Sciences, Neurocentre Magendie, Hospital Carlos Haya de Málaga, Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Pabellón de Gobierno, sótano, Avenida Carlos Haya 82, 29010 Málaga, Spain

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Ángel Nadal Fundación IMABIS, Instituto de Bioingeniería and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Department of Physiology, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Institute of Medical Sciences, Neurocentre Magendie, Hospital Carlos Haya de Málaga, Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Pabellón de Gobierno, sótano, Avenida Carlos Haya 82, 29010 Málaga, Spain

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Francisco J Bermúdez-Silva Fundación IMABIS, Instituto de Bioingeniería and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Department of Physiology, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Institute of Medical Sciences, Neurocentre Magendie, Hospital Carlos Haya de Málaga, Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Pabellón de Gobierno, sótano, Avenida Carlos Haya 82, 29010 Málaga, Spain
Fundación IMABIS, Instituto de Bioingeniería and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Department of Physiology, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Institute of Medical Sciences, Neurocentre Magendie, Hospital Carlos Haya de Málaga, Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Pabellón de Gobierno, sótano, Avenida Carlos Haya 82, 29010 Málaga, Spain
Fundación IMABIS, Instituto de Bioingeniería and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Department of Physiology, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Institute of Medical Sciences, Neurocentre Magendie, Hospital Carlos Haya de Málaga, Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Pabellón de Gobierno, sótano, Avenida Carlos Haya 82, 29010 Málaga, Spain

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neuropathic pain ( Staton et al . 2008 ) and in bone physiology ( Whyte et al . 2009 ). In this latter study, the GPR55 agonist O-1602 inhibited mouse osteoclast formation, an effect that was not seen in osteoclasts generated from GPR55 −/− bone marrow

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Michela Rossi Bone Physiopathology Unit, Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy

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Giulia Battafarano Bone Physiopathology Unit, Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy

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Viviana De Martino Department of Clinical, Internal, Anaesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy

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Alfredo Scillitani Endocrinology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Foggia, Italy

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Salvatore Minisola Department of Clinical, Internal, Anaesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy

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Andrea Del Fattore Bone Physiopathology Unit, Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy

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manifestation of childhood form is premature loss of deciduous teeth ( Whyte 2016 ). The deposition of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate cristals in articular cartilage is the main cause of musculoskeletal pain in HPP adult patients ( Shapiro & Lewiecki 2017 ). In

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Ágnes Domokos Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szigony 43, 1083 Budapest, Hungary

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Zsuzsa Mergl Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szigony 43, 1083 Budapest, Hungary

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István Barna Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szigony 43, 1083 Budapest, Hungary

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Gábor B Makara Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szigony 43, 1083 Budapest, Hungary

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Dóra Zelena Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szigony 43, 1083 Budapest, Hungary

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Introduction Drug abuse is an important problem worldwide. Morphine, a drug often used for medical purposes (perioperative analgesia and cancer-related pain), is a commonly abused drug. Their connection with stress is bi-directional: exposure

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Matthew W S Lim School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK

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Angela K Lucas-Herald School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, UK

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Avril Mason Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, UK

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Christian Delles School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK

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Paul J Connelly School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK

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between-study heterogeneity, these results must be interpreted with caution. Endometriosis and uterine fibroids Endometriosis is a major cause of chronic pelvic pain among adolescents and adults ( Janssen et al. 2013 ). Conversely, uterine

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Miguel del Campo Laboratorio Bioquímica de Membrana, Departamento de Fisiología y Biofísica de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Centre for Neurobiochemical Studies on Endocrine Diseases, Laboratory of Neurobiochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile

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Néstor Lagos Laboratorio Bioquímica de Membrana, Departamento de Fisiología y Biofísica de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile

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Hernán Lara Centre for Neurobiochemical Studies on Endocrine Diseases, Laboratory of Neurobiochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile

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evidence of neosaxitoxin as a long-acting pain blocker in bladder pain syndrome . International Urogynecology Journal 853 – 858 . ( https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-014-2608-2 ) Marcondes FK Bianchi FJ Tanno AP 2002 Determination of the estrous

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Chalida Nakalekha Departments of, Cellular Physiological Chemistry, Fixed Prosthodontics, International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Diseases (Global COE program), Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, Department of Hard Tissue Engineering (Pharmacology), Graduate School
Departments of, Cellular Physiological Chemistry, Fixed Prosthodontics, International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Diseases (Global COE program), Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, Department of Hard Tissue Engineering (Pharmacology), Graduate School
Departments of, Cellular Physiological Chemistry, Fixed Prosthodontics, International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Diseases (Global COE program), Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, Department of Hard Tissue Engineering (Pharmacology), Graduate School

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Chieko Yokoyama Departments of, Cellular Physiological Chemistry, Fixed Prosthodontics, International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Diseases (Global COE program), Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, Department of Hard Tissue Engineering (Pharmacology), Graduate School
Departments of, Cellular Physiological Chemistry, Fixed Prosthodontics, International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Diseases (Global COE program), Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, Department of Hard Tissue Engineering (Pharmacology), Graduate School

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Hiroyuki Miura Departments of, Cellular Physiological Chemistry, Fixed Prosthodontics, International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Diseases (Global COE program), Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, Department of Hard Tissue Engineering (Pharmacology), Graduate School

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Neil Alles Departments of, Cellular Physiological Chemistry, Fixed Prosthodontics, International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Diseases (Global COE program), Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, Department of Hard Tissue Engineering (Pharmacology), Graduate School
Departments of, Cellular Physiological Chemistry, Fixed Prosthodontics, International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Diseases (Global COE program), Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, Department of Hard Tissue Engineering (Pharmacology), Graduate School

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Kazuhiro Aoki Departments of, Cellular Physiological Chemistry, Fixed Prosthodontics, International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Diseases (Global COE program), Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, Department of Hard Tissue Engineering (Pharmacology), Graduate School
Departments of, Cellular Physiological Chemistry, Fixed Prosthodontics, International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Diseases (Global COE program), Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, Department of Hard Tissue Engineering (Pharmacology), Graduate School

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Keiichi Ohya Departments of, Cellular Physiological Chemistry, Fixed Prosthodontics, International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Diseases (Global COE program), Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, Department of Hard Tissue Engineering (Pharmacology), Graduate School

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Ikuo Morita Departments of, Cellular Physiological Chemistry, Fixed Prosthodontics, International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Diseases (Global COE program), Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, Department of Hard Tissue Engineering (Pharmacology), Graduate School
Departments of, Cellular Physiological Chemistry, Fixed Prosthodontics, International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Diseases (Global COE program), Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, Department of Hard Tissue Engineering (Pharmacology), Graduate School

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trabecular microstructure and bone strength in mature ovariectomized rats . Bone 39 453 – 459 . Kamei D Yamakawa K Takegoshi Y Mikami-Nakanishi M Nakatani Y Oh-Ishi S Yasui H Azuma Y Hirasawa N Ohuchi K 2004 Reduced pain

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Donald Pfaff Laboratory of Neurobiology and Behaviour, Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021, USA

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pain, enkephalins help to allow the female to engage in mating behaviour despite the mauling she receives from the male. The strong somatosensory and interoceptive stimuli which ordinarily would be treated by the female as noxious are now tolerable and

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David A Bechtold Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, 1.124 Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK

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Simon M Luckman Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, 1.124 Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK

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PrRP, RFRP-1 may be involved in the perception of nociceptive stimuli, as ICVadministration of the peptide to rats can block morphine-induced analgesia in acute and inflammatory models of pain ( Liu et al. 2001 ). The occurrence of Rana RFamide

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Tsukasa Nozu Department of Regional Medicine and Education, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan

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Saori Miyagishi Division of Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan

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Rintaro Nozu Department of Regional Medicine and Education, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan

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Kaoru Takakusaki Research Center for Brain Function and Medical Engineering, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan

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Toshikatsu Okumura Division of Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
Department of General Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan

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Introduction Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorder characterized by the presence of chronic abdominal pain with altered bowel habits without any organic cause ( Mearin et al. 2016 ). Stress alters

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