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Madhusmita Misra BUL 457, Pediatric Endocrine Unit, Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
BUL 457, Pediatric Endocrine Unit, Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA

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Anne Klibanski BUL 457, Pediatric Endocrine Unit, Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA

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is expected to increase to as much as 4% ( Smink et al . 2013 ). Subtypes of AN include the restrictive and the binge–purge subtypes, both of which are associated with low body weight. Most available data on effects of AN on bone metabolism are based

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-14-0039
Volume/Issue:
Volume 221: Issue 3
Free access
Anurag Bajpai Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia

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Peter J Simm Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia

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Stephen J McPherson Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia

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Vincenzo C Russo Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia

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Walid J Azar Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia

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John D Wark Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia

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Gail P Risbridger Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia

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George A Werther Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, Prostate and Breast Cancer Research Group, Department of Medicine and Bone and Mineral Service, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia

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studies were not performed in peripubertal males. Short-term follow-up (2–3 years) of boys treated with aromatase inhibitors has not shown significant adverse effects on areal bone density ( Wickman et al . 2003 ), body composition ( Hero et al . 2006 a

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/JOE-10-0006
Volume/Issue:
Volume 207: Issue 1
Free access
R Hardy School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK

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M S Cooper School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK

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Introduction Chronic inflammatory diseases are frequently associated with systemic bone loss. The mechanisms underlying this bone loss are complex and interrelated. These mechanisms appear, however, to be ultimately mediated through effects on the

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/JOE-08-0568
Volume/Issue:
Volume 201: Issue 3
Free access
Fiona Roberts Functional Genetics and Development, The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK

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Greg Markby Functional Genetics and Development, The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK

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Scott Dillon Functional Genetics and Development, The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK

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Colin Farquharson Functional Genetics and Development, The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK

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Vicky E MacRae Functional Genetics and Development, The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK

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Introduction Bone has numerous classical functions including organ protection, calcium and phosphate ion homeostasis, and facilitation of movement. The skeleton is structurally suited to function: strong and flexible enough to bear load

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-19-0460
Volume/Issue:
Volume 245: Issue 2
Free access
Kotaro Azuma Department of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, Division of Radiology, Department of Anti-Aging Medicine, Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan

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Stephanie C Casey Department of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, Division of Radiology, Department of Anti-Aging Medicine, Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan

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Masako Ito Department of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, Division of Radiology, Department of Anti-Aging Medicine, Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan

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Tomohiko Urano Department of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, Division of Radiology, Department of Anti-Aging Medicine, Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
Department of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, Division of Radiology, Department of Anti-Aging Medicine, Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan

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Kuniko Horie Department of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, Division of Radiology, Department of Anti-Aging Medicine, Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan

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Yasuyoshi Ouchi Department of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, Division of Radiology, Department of Anti-Aging Medicine, Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan

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Séverine Kirchner Department of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, Division of Radiology, Department of Anti-Aging Medicine, Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan

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Bruce Blumberg Department of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, Division of Radiology, Department of Anti-Aging Medicine, Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan

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Satoshi Inoue Department of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, Division of Radiology, Department of Anti-Aging Medicine, Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
Department of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, Division of Radiology, Department of Anti-Aging Medicine, Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
Department of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, Division of Radiology, Department of Anti-Aging Medicine, Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan

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. 1998 , Synold et al . 2001 ). The expression of SXR/PXR was also detected at lower levels in the kidney, lung ( Miki et al . 2005 ), bone (especially in osteoblasts; Tabb et al . 2003 ), and peripheral mononuclear cells ( Albermann et al . 2005

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/JOE-10-0208
Volume/Issue:
Volume 207: Issue 3
Free access
V E MacRae Bone Biology Group, Division of Gene Function and Development, Roslin Institute, Edinburgh EH25 9PS, UK
Bone and Endocrine Research Group, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Glasgow G3 8SJ, UK

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C Farquharson Bone Biology Group, Division of Gene Function and Development, Roslin Institute, Edinburgh EH25 9PS, UK
Bone and Endocrine Research Group, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Glasgow G3 8SJ, UK

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S F Ahmed Bone Biology Group, Division of Gene Function and Development, Roslin Institute, Edinburgh EH25 9PS, UK
Bone and Endocrine Research Group, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Glasgow G3 8SJ, UK

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growth plate chondrocytes and were, therefore, unable to examine the effect of cytokines on the different stages of the chondrocyte life cycle ( Robson et al. 1998 , Koedam et al. 2000 ). The rate of longitudinal bone growth is determined by a

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/joe.1.06609
Volume/Issue:
Volume 189: Issue 2
Free access
Dimitrios Agas School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy

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Guilherme Gusmão Silva Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil

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Fulvio Laus School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy

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Andrea Marchegiani School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy

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Melania Capitani School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy

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Cecilia Vullo School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy

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Giuseppe Catone School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy

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Giovanna Lacava School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy

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Antonio Concetti School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy

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Luigi Marchetti School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy

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Maria Giovanna Sabbieti School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy

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its dual effect depends on experimental and clinical conditions. It was demonstrated that IFN-γ decreases osteoclast differentiation by directly targeting osteoclast precursors, but indirectly stimulates osteoclast formation and bone resorption

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-16-0538
Volume/Issue:
Volume 232: Issue 2
Free access
Rhonda D Prisby Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA

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( Burkhardt et al. 1987 ). For years, bone biologists have focused their attention on the cellular and molecular functions of the skeleton in health and disease while often underappreciating the bone vascular network (i.e., the organ system that enables the

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-16-0666
Volume/Issue:
Volume 235: Issue 3
Free access
Ghania Ramdani Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA

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Nadine Schall Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
The Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany

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Hema Kalyanaraman Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA

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Nisreen Wahwah Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA

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Sahar Moheize Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA

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Jenna J Lee Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA

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Robert L Sah Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA

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Alexander Pfeifer The Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany

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Darren E Casteel Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA

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Renate B Pilz Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA

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levels found in the vasculature, whereas PKG2 expression is limited to specific cell types in bone, intestine, brain and kidney ( Vaandrager et al. 2005 ). PKG1 and 2 are both found in osteoblasts and chondroblasts ( Pfeifer et al. 1996 , Rangaswami

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-18-0286
Volume/Issue:
Volume 238: Issue 3
Free access
Gerard Karsenty Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, HHSC 701 West 168th Street, HHSC1602, New York, New York 10032, USA

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in regulation of whole organism physiology. The organs need to communicate with each other to keep our body functional. Based on this view of physiology, it was recently demonstrated that bone is not only a recipient of hormonal inputs but also an

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-11-0452
Volume/Issue:
Volume 213: Issue 2
Free access