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whether dermatopontin enhances or suppresses the proliferation of cells and the accumulation of the extracellular matrices. Dermatopontin enhanced the growth-inhibitory activity of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β on mink lung epithelial cells through
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drivers of many stages of follicle development; however, it is becoming increasingly evident that several families of growth factors also play important roles within the follicle, including the insulin-like growth factor and transforming growth factor beta
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Introduction The growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis is the primary endocrine system that regulates body growth in vertebrates (reviewed in Rosenfeld & Roberts 1999 ). The principal hormones in the GH/IGF axis
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Introduction The relevance of growth factors to the pathogenesis of human cancer has long been established. Different mechanisms may contribute to amplify the signal driven by growth factors: the overexpression of growth factors or the
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Introduction Proper development of the human placenta is essential if normal pregnancy is to be maintained. This includes growth of the placenta, differentiation of the trophoblast and vascular systems, invasion of extravillous
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lymphatic system ( Turner et al. 2003 ). Angiogenesis is a process of new blood vessel development from preexisting vasculature. The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the most potent endothelial cell mitogens and plays a crucial
Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Faculty of Agricultural, The Jesse Z and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Petach Tikva, Israel
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Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Faculty of Agricultural, The Jesse Z and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Petach Tikva, Israel
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Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Faculty of Agricultural, The Jesse Z and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Petach Tikva, Israel
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Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Faculty of Agricultural, The Jesse Z and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Petach Tikva, Israel
Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Faculty of Agricultural, The Jesse Z and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Petach Tikva, Israel
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Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Faculty of Agricultural, The Jesse Z and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Petach Tikva, Israel
Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Faculty of Agricultural, The Jesse Z and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Petach Tikva, Israel
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Introduction Although there are numerous genetic and environmental factors that may affect growth, malnutrition, marked by various nutrient deficiencies, is considered to be a leading cause of low weight and short stature. In the developing
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Introduction In mammals, longitudinal bone growth occurs primarily at the growth plate. The growth plate contains chondrocytes spatially organized in three distinct zones according to defined stages of differentiation. The resting
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Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, U.S.A.
(Received 29 August 1975)
A previous investigation on growth in the immature pig indicated that hypophysectomy leads to a markedly reduced growth rate, but not complete cessation of growth (Ford & Anderson, 1967). Results are presented on the effect of exogenous growth hormone (GH) on growth and development in immature hypophysectomized pigs.
Immature male Yorkshire pigs were hypophysectomized by a supraorbital approach (du Mesnil du Buisson, Léglise & Chodkiewicz, 1964). The animals were anaesthetized with sodium thiopentone (0·3–0·8 g; Abbott Laboratories) and surgical anaesthesia was maintained with oxygen (200–500 ml/min) and halothane (1–4%; Ayerst Laboratories). Sham-operations included all surgical procedures except removal of the hypophysis. After surgery the pigs were isolated in individual pens in a postoperative room maintained at 24–25 °C.
Porcine growth hormone (PGH) or rat growth hormone (RGH) was injected intramuscularly at 1·0 mg/day during a
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In a child, puberty encompasses a series of events which include the completion of growth and the maturing of the reproductive system. One of the common hormonal links between these two processes is growth hormone (GH) and, although it has been known for some time that the reproductive axis influences GH secretion and growth, increasing interest is developing in the alternative possibility of GH modifying reproductive processes.
In the normal child, there is an increase in GH secretion from mid-childhood with a shift in periodicity and an increase in pulse amplitude (Hindmarsh, Mathews & Brook, 1988). The two- to threefold rise in GH secretion during puberty is a product of the increase in pulse amplitude over the prepubertal value (Martha, Rogol, Veldhuis et al. 1989; Delemarre-van de Waal, Wennink & Odink, 1991). GH pulse amplitude is increased during early puberty in girls and at a later stage in boys, corresponding
