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Ralf Baumeister Bio 3, Bioinformatics and Molecular Genetics, University of Freiburg, Germany
ZBSA – Freiburg Center for Systems Biology, University of Freiburg, Germany
Renal Division, University Hospital Freiburg, Germany

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Elke Schaffitzel Bio 3, Bioinformatics and Molecular Genetics, University of Freiburg, Germany
ZBSA – Freiburg Center for Systems Biology, University of Freiburg, Germany
Renal Division, University Hospital Freiburg, Germany

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Maren Hertweck Bio 3, Bioinformatics and Molecular Genetics, University of Freiburg, Germany
ZBSA – Freiburg Center for Systems Biology, University of Freiburg, Germany
Renal Division, University Hospital Freiburg, Germany

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negatively regulate the FOXO transcription factor DAF-16. Inhibition of the daf-2 receptor gene expression/activity or other genes in the insulin/IGF pathway can have three effects. (A) Early developmental downregulation, which affects many biological

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Alena Nareika Ralph H Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Biostatistics, College of Dental Medicine

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Yeong-Bin Im Ralph H Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Biostatistics, College of Dental Medicine

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Bryan A Game Ralph H Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Biostatistics, College of Dental Medicine

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Elizabeth H Slate Ralph H Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Biostatistics, College of Dental Medicine

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John J Sanders Ralph H Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Biostatistics, College of Dental Medicine

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Steven D London Ralph H Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Biostatistics, College of Dental Medicine

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Maria F Lopes-Virella Ralph H Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Biostatistics, College of Dental Medicine
Ralph H Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Biostatistics, College of Dental Medicine

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Yan Huang Ralph H Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Biostatistics, College of Dental Medicine
Ralph H Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Biostatistics, College of Dental Medicine

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EDTA, and electroblotted onto positively charged nylon membranes. The chemiluminescence detection of digoxigenin (DIG)-labeled probes was conducted by following the instruction provided by the Roche Molecular Biochemicals. Transcription factor activity

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David A Taylor-Fishwick Department of Medicine, Strelitz Diabetes Institutes, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23510, USA
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23510, USA
Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23510, USA

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Wenjing Shi Department of Medicine, Strelitz Diabetes Institutes, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23510, USA
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23510, USA
Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23510, USA

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Gary L Pittenger Department of Medicine, Strelitz Diabetes Institutes, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23510, USA
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23510, USA
Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23510, USA

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Aaron I Vinik Department of Medicine, Strelitz Diabetes Institutes, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23510, USA
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23510, USA
Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23510, USA

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signaling pathways including AP-1 and STAT, a number of predicted interaction sites for transcription factors associated with pancreas development. These include the homeo-domain transcription factor PDX-1, inactivation of which results in agenesis of the

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Jin Yu Department of Gynecology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China

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Yuhuan Liu Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China

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Danying Zhang Department of Gynecology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China

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Dongxia Zhai Department of Gynecology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China

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Linyi Song Department of Gynecology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China

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Zailong Cai Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China

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Chaoqin Yu Department of Gynecology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China

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deletion analysis and transcription factor-binding site analysis, GATA-binding factor 1 (GATA1) was identified as a transcription factor most relevant to the HSD3B2 gene expression after cells were incubated with baicalin. To further confirm these results

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O Gubbay Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Centre for Reproductive Biology, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
Medical Research Council Human Reproductive Sciences Unit, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Centre for Reproductive Biology, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, S-830 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA

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M T Rae Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Centre for Reproductive Biology, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
Medical Research Council Human Reproductive Sciences Unit, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Centre for Reproductive Biology, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, S-830 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA

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A S McNeilly Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Centre for Reproductive Biology, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
Medical Research Council Human Reproductive Sciences Unit, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Centre for Reproductive Biology, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, S-830 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA

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F X Donadeu Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Centre for Reproductive Biology, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
Medical Research Council Human Reproductive Sciences Unit, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Centre for Reproductive Biology, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, S-830 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA

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A J Zeleznik Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Centre for Reproductive Biology, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
Medical Research Council Human Reproductive Sciences Unit, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Centre for Reproductive Biology, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, S-830 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA

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S G Hillier Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Centre for Reproductive Biology, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
Medical Research Council Human Reproductive Sciences Unit, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Centre for Reproductive Biology, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, S-830 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA

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leading to cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA)-mediated phosphorylation of transcription factors, such as cAMP-response element (CRE) binding protein (CREB) and activating transcription factor-1 (ATF1) ( Carlone & Richards 1997 , Conti 2002

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Weiliang Xia Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, 1230 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021, USA
Department of Zoology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

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Dolores D Mruk Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, 1230 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021, USA
Department of Zoology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

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Will M Lee Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, 1230 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021, USA
Department of Zoology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

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C Yan Cheng Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, 1230 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021, USA
Department of Zoology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

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immunohistochemistry (IHC) Genes with more than twofold change in their expression levels were tabulated and grouped by their general functions (Tables 3 –5 ). Among these are cytokines, transcription factors, kinases, phosphatases, genes that regulate ion

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R L Moore Cancer Center, Medicine, Biochemistry, Pediatrics, Microbiology, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Departments of

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Y Dai Cancer Center, Medicine, Biochemistry, Pediatrics, Microbiology, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Departments of
Cancer Center, Medicine, Biochemistry, Pediatrics, Microbiology, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Departments of

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D V Faller Cancer Center, Medicine, Biochemistry, Pediatrics, Microbiology, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Departments of
Cancer Center, Medicine, Biochemistry, Pediatrics, Microbiology, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Departments of
Cancer Center, Medicine, Biochemistry, Pediatrics, Microbiology, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Departments of
Cancer Center, Medicine, Biochemistry, Pediatrics, Microbiology, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Departments of
Cancer Center, Medicine, Biochemistry, Pediatrics, Microbiology, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Departments of
Cancer Center, Medicine, Biochemistry, Pediatrics, Microbiology, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Departments of

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transcription factors ( Tsai & Omalley 1994 , Mangelsdorf et al . 1995 , Aoyagi & Archer 2008 ). Steroid hormone receptors play essential roles in numerous biological processes, such as homeostasis, metabolism, cell growth, and development ( Tsai & Omalley

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Yarikipati Prathibha Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

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Balasubramanian Senthilkumaran Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

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Introduction Paired box (PAX) genes encode a family of transcription factors that are involved in the development of various tissues during early embryogenesis in vertebrates. They are known to possess paired domain and derived their name by

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Haijiang Wu Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China

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Xinna Deng Departments of Oncology & Immunotherapy, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China

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Yonghong Shi Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China

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Ye Su Mathew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplantation Studies, Lawson Health Research Institute, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
Departments of Medicine and Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada

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Jinying Wei Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China

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Huijun Duan Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China

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wide range of transcription factors involved in cellular energy metabolism. By regulating the activities of these transcription factors, PGC-1α acts as a molecular switch for multiple cellular processes, including mitochondrial biogenesis and

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R Wang
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N Yashpal
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F Bacchus
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J Li
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-Kit and the transcription factors PDX-1 and Ngn3 at the mRNA level. With the addition of the growth factor HGF, the monolayers had increased expression of insulin and glucagon mRNA, a 6.5- and 2-fold increase respectively in comparison with control

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