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Laboratorio de Radioisótopos, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junin 956, 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina
Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, AV. Combatients de Malvinas 3105, 1427 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Laboratorio de Radioisótopos, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junin 956, 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina
Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, AV. Combatients de Malvinas 3105, 1427 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Laboratorio de Radioisótopos, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junin 956, 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina
Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, AV. Combatients de Malvinas 3105, 1427 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Laboratorio de Radioisótopos, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junin 956, 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina
Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, AV. Combatients de Malvinas 3105, 1427 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Laboratorio de Radioisótopos, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junin 956, 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina
Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, AV. Combatients de Malvinas 3105, 1427 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Laboratorio de Radioisótopos, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junin 956, 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina
Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, AV. Combatients de Malvinas 3105, 1427 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Laboratorio de Radioisótopos, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junin 956, 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina
Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, AV. Combatients de Malvinas 3105, 1427 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Laboratorio de Radioisótopos, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junin 956, 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina
Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, AV. Combatients de Malvinas 3105, 1427 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Laboratorio de Radioisótopos, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junin 956, 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina
Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, AV. Combatients de Malvinas 3105, 1427 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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( Pawlikowski et al. 1994 ). Interactions between pituitary–thyroid hormones and the immune system are mainly based on the existence of receptors for thyreotropic and thyroid hormones on lymphocytes or on the frequent immune alterations observed in
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al . 1997 , Ahima & Flier 2000 , Seoane et al . 2000 , Ortiga-Carvalho et al . 2002 , Cabanelas et al . 2006 , Araujo et al . 2009 ). Leptin has been shown to stimulate the hypothalamic production of TRH ( Legradi et al . 1997 , Friedman
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-iodinated/h mg of protein. Protein was measured by the method described by Bradford (1976) . In vitro TRH-stimulated TSH release Pituitaries of C and BRO groups were quickly dissected out. The anterior pituitary was separated from the posterior pituitary and
Department of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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cell function through paracrine signaling ( Lejeune et al . 1992 ). It is unknown whether TRH receptor ( Trhr1 ) mRNA expression in Leydig cells is decreased in Igsf1 Δ ex1 mice, as occurs in the pituitary of these mice ( Sun et al . 2012 ). Future
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reduction of hypothalamic thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) content, serum thyrotropin (TSH) and thyroid hormone concentrations induced by fasting ( Ahima et al. 1996 , Seoane et al. 2000 ). Also in humans, the marked suppression of TSH secretion
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) and decreased thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) expression in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) ( Blake et al. 1991 ). Locally produced T 3 by D2 has been proposed to contribute to the decrease in TRH expression in the PVN, which induces
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genes involved in the production and release of T 4 and T 3 are severely affected by high concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines ( Bartalena et al . 1998 ). In addition, acute inflammation in mice reduced thyroidal TSH-receptor expression
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- and time-dependent fashion. The primary mechanism of TH action involves the binding of 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine (T 3 ) to its nuclear receptors in the context of regulatory TH response elements in target genes. In humans, the thyroid produces the pro
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thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), neurotensin and oxytocin. Internal milieu such as suckling, stress and increased levels of ovarian steroids modulate PRF and PIF activities, which transduce PRL-regulating signals ( Meites et al . 1963 , Neill 1970
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in rats starvation results in decreased serum thyroid hormones and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations and decreased TSH releasing hormone (TRH) mRNA expression in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) associated with a modest