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Introduction Cell-replacement therapy involves treating diseases with functional cells derived from sources including the body's own cells. Successful cell replacement therapy in diabetes requires sufficient numbers of insulin-producing cells to be
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extraction from food ( Bäckhed et al. 2007 ). The gut microbiota can also influence blood glucose. Lower bacterial diversity correlates with insulin resistance and higher adiposity (reviewed in Zhu & Goodarzi 2020 ). Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated
Babu Banarasi Das University, BBD City, Lucknow, India
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Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-IITR, Lucknow, India
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Babu Banarasi Das University, BBD City, Lucknow, India
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-IITR, Lucknow, India
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Background Type 2 diabetes (T2D), obesity and allied disorders are posing serious health problems that are reaching epidemic proportions worldwide ( Nanditha et al . 2016 ). Insulin resistance, a key feature of T2D and obesity, subdues the
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The fact that type 2 diabetes has become pandemic is difficult to escape. Increased morbidity and mortality in cardiovascular events, which frequently accompany the disease, are the most severe consequences of the diabetes pandemic. This problem is
Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, Coimbra, Portugal
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Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Casa Costa Alemão, Rua Dom Francisco de Lemos, Coimbra, Portugal
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Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Casa Costa Alemão, Rua Dom Francisco de Lemos, Coimbra, Portugal
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Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Casa Costa Alemão, Rua Dom Francisco de Lemos, Coimbra, Portugal
APDP-Portuguese Diabetes Association, Lisbon, Portugal
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as cardiac disease development and progression, such as atherosclerosis, especially under diabetes condition ( Chatterjee et al. 2009 , Nosalski & Guzik 2017 , Aldiss et al. 2019 , Poznyak et al. 2020 , Cutruzzolà et al. 2021 ). As
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Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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Introduction In the most recent 2020 report, the World Health Organization reported that diabetes was among the top ten causes of death in 2019, following a significant percentage increase of 70% since 2000 ( WHO 2020 ). Diabetes mellitus (DM
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Lab. of Collaborative Research for Innovative Drug Discovery, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
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Lab. of Collaborative Research for Innovative Drug Discovery, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
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Introduction Diabetes is a disease that causes chronic hyperglycemia by the impairment of insulin secretion or insulin resistance and is a risk factor for the development of arteriosclerosis and ischemic diseases. More than 423 million people
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Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
St Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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pancreatic islets. Although they consist of only 1–2% of the adult pancreas, islets are critical for regulating glucose homeostasis. The hormone insulin is secreted solely by islet β-cells. When blood glucose levels rise, insulin is released. Diabetes occurs
Department of Diabetes, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Diabetes, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) and Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital de Sabadell, Corporació Sanitària i Universitària Parc Taulí (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona), Parc Taul s/n, 08208 Sabadell, Spain
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Introduction Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of mortality in type 1 diabetes ( Libby et al . 2005 ). Diabetes mellitus results in an accelerated arteriosclerotic process, which is not fully explained by classical cardiovascular risk
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development of nephropathy in an experimentally induced mouse model of type 2 diabetes. The latter was of particular interest based on a study by Swindell et al . (2010) looking at differential gene expression in WT vs Papp-A KO mice that highlighted the