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Dario A Gutierrez and Alyssa H Hasty

either leptin or the LepR are characterised by severe hyperphagia and morbid obesity, as well as other hormonal abnormalities ( Robertson et al . 2008 ). Previous studies have shown that leptin promotes neutrophil and monocyte chemotaxis as well as the

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Rita E Roberts, Jacqueline Cavalcante-Silva, Rhonda D Kineman, and Timothy J Koh

:100; Biolegend, San Diego, California, US), macrophage accumulation by staining for F4/80 (BM8, 1:100, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, Massachusetts, US) and neutrophil accumulation by staining for Ly6G (1A8, 1:100, BD Biosciences, Franklin Lakes, New Jersey

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T Yada, H Kaiya, K Mutoh, T Azuma, S Hyodo, and K Kangawa

has been detailed in fish GHS-R ( Chan et al. 2004 ). However, expression of GHS-R gene was detected in human T cells, B cells and neutrophils, suggesting the action of ghrelin on the immune system ( Hattori et al. 2001 ). Recently, Dixit

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Jane A Mitchell, Mark J Paul-Clark, Graham W Clarke, Shaun K McMaster, and Neil Cartwright

) or inhaled into the lungs ( Haddad et al. 2002 ), an inflammatory response is induced which is generally typified by the activation of macrophages and early recruitment of neutrophils. As explained above, for many years, the signalling pathways

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Lesley A Hill, Tamara S Bodnar, Joanne Weinberg, and Geoffrey L Hammond

centre loop (RCL) is cleaved by proteases, including neutrophil elastase ( Hammond et al. 1990 ), chymotrypsin ( Lewis & Elder 2014 ) or the bacterial proteinase, LasB ( Simard et al. 2014 ). During inflammation, CBG acts as an acute phase ‘negative

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Inmaculada C Villar, Adrian J Hobbs, and Amrita Ahluwalia

(chemoattractant cytokines) that are produced by endothelial cells among other cell types. In a model of balloon-induced vascular injury in rats MCP-1 and CINC-1, chemoattractants for monocytes and neutrophils respectively ( Miller et al . 2004 ) were suppressed

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Mary C Gieske, Gi Youn Na, Yongbum Koo, Misung Jo, Thomas E Curry Jr, and Chemyong Ko

produced during the complement cascade, such as the anaphylatoxins C5a and C3a, are capable of binding to receptors on mast cells, inducing them to release histamines and prostaglandins (PGs), and can serve as chemoattractants for neutrophils, eosinophils

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Clare F Hodkinson, Ellen E A Simpson, John H Beattie, Jacqueline M O'Connor, David J Campbell, J J Strain, and Julie M W Wallace

Immune parameter  C3 (g/l) 89 1.28±0.21 0.375 ‡ 0.329 ‡ 0.004  C4 (g/l) 90 0.26±0.06 0.297 † 0.254* 0.004  CRP (mg/dl) 90 0.20±0.36 0.173 0.208* −0.083  Neutrophils (×10 9 /l) 90 2.87±0.87 0.151 0.398 ‡ −0.249* Gated lymphocytes  Annexin

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Denis Stygar, Britt Masironi, Håkan Eriksson, and Lena Sahlin

hormones. Cervical ripening is characterized by inflammatory events, such as extravasation of neutrophils and macrophages ( Stygar et al. 2001 , Osman et al. 2003 ). Polymorphonuclear leukocytes and macrophages migrate from blood vessels and accumulate

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Marina C Muñoz, Valeria Burghi, Johanna G Miquet, Jorge F Giani, Ricardo D Banegas, Jorge E Toblli, Yimin Fang, Feiya Wang, Andrzej Bartke, and Fernando P Dominici

the protein abundance of Mas receptor, ACE2, ACE, AGT, podocin, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), and Wilms' tumor 1 (WT-1), equal amounts of solubilized proteins (40 μg) were denatured by being boiled in reducing sample buffer