rosiglitazone ( Home et al . 2007 , Nissen & Wolski 2010 ). TZDs are activating synthetic ligands for the peroxisome proliferator activating receptor family of nuclear receptors (PPAR), particularly the PPARγ receptor, which acts to regulate gene transcription
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Yunshan Hu, Hong Bin Liu, Richard W Simpson, and Anthony E Dear
Yumiko Honjo, Shigekazu Sasaki, Yoshimasa Kobayashi, Hiroko Misawa, and Hirotoshi Nakamura
difference (PLSD) test. P < 0.05 was considered to be significant. Results The effect of nuclear receptors and their ligands on the transactivation by FXR/CDCA We initially utilized the luciferase reporter
Christopher J Delvecchio and John P Capone
Introduction The liver X receptors (LXRs; α and β subtypes) are members of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily of ligand-activated transcription factors and are activated by oxidized cholesterol metabolites known as oxysterols ( Janowski et al
Libor Vítek and Martin Haluzík
as nuclear receptors in various organs and tissues, they act as real hormones. Based on these facts, a paradigm for BA endocrine functions has recently been postulated ( Houten et al . 2006 ). Bile acid metabolism BA are amphiphilic molecules derived
Irving Salinas, Niharika Sinha, and Aritro Sen
, the physiological actions of steroids were thought to be mediated by the classical 'nuclear' and non-classical 'membrane-initiated' steroid receptor signaling ( Hammes & Levin 2011 , Levin & Hammes 2016 ). It is now well-established that this
Rosalba Senese, Federica Cioffi, Pieter de Lange, Fernando Goglia, and Antonia Lanni
functions through two distinct mechanisms: genomic (nuclear) and nongenomic (non-nuclear). Most effects of TH are mediated by the genomic pathway – a mechanism that requires thyroid hormone activation of nuclear receptors (TRs). This leads to a
Ke Ke, Ok-Joo Sul, Soo-Wol Chung, Jae-Hee Suh, and Hye-Seon Choi
(TNF) family ( Kong et al . 1999 , Suda et al . 1999 ). Binding of RANKL to its receptor, RANK, on OC precursor cells induces and activates transcription factors including NF-κB ( Cappellen et al . 2002 ) needed to initiate signals for OC
Peter J Fuller, Jun Yang, and Morag J Young
other steroid hormone receptors (SHRs) and indeed other members of the nuclear receptor (NR) superfamily of ligand-dependent transcription factors. The determination of the amino acid sequences of the SHR enabled the characterization of shared structural
Jennifer H Steel, Roger White, and Malcolm G Parker
Introduction Nuclear receptors control a vast array of endocrine responses by controlling the activity of specific subsets of target genes in cells, usually for precise periods of time. Their ability to regulate gene transcription
