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Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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of vascular remodeling by EVT, also known as physiologic change, in maternal spiral arterioles, leading to such complications as miscarriage, early-onset severe preeclampsia (eo-sPE) and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) ( Fisher 2015 ). While
Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
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Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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Table 1). Adverse effects of GH administration have also been reported in a subset of studies. Suppressed maternal appetite has been reported in sheep and pigs, particularly when high doses of GH are started in late pregnancy. In a model of IUGR
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previously demonstrated that infusion of a complete amino acid mixture, both acutely and chronically, potentiates fetal GSIS in normal and IUGR fetuses ( Gadhia et al. 2013 , Brown et al. 2016 ). In the current study we chose to focus on leucine because
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restriction (IUGR), pre-eclampsia and spontaneous abortion ( Kumar & Chaudhuri 1989 , Abalovich et al . 2002 , Mestman 2004 , Casey et al . 2005 , LaFranchi et al . 2005 , Kilby et al . 2005 , Pillar et al . 2010 , Luewan et al . 2011 ). Studies
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Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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( DeFronzo & Tripathy 2009 ). The M. vastus lateralis is a mixed-fibre type muscle, and we have previously reported that intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR) impairs gene expression of determinants of insulin signalling in this muscle in sheep ( De Blasio
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Introduction Epidemiological studies initially demonstrated that adverse environmental factors leading to intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and low birth weight may predispose individuals to the later onset of development of pathologies related
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& Meaney 2004 ). Secondly, endogenous fetal plasma cortisol concentrations are increased in pregnancies where there has been intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR; Goland et al. 1993 ). In normal pregnancies maternal plasma cortisol at term is ~200 ng
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cardiovascular development, but also in vascular homeostasis. Although hypoxia caused by incomplete trophoblast invasion and impaired spiral arterial remodeling is thought to be a major cause of preeclampsia (PE) and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR; Zhou
Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur – IISGS, Vigo, Spain
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Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur – IISGS, Vigo, Spain
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Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur – IISGS, Vigo, Spain
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Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur – IISGS, Vigo, Spain
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Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur – IISGS, Vigo, Spain
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Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur – IISGS, Vigo, Spain
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Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur – IISGS, Vigo, Spain
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-fed rats had elevated plasma interleukin-6, TNFα and chemokine ligand 2, as well as enhanced placental TNFα ( Desai et al. 2013 ). Incretins and metabolic programming in development In animal models of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR
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effects of hyperinsulinaemia on maternal haemodynamic adaptations could explain the increased risk of stillbirth in obese and diabetic pregnancies ( Poston et al. 2016 ). They could also explain the cases of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) in