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Colin Farquharson Bone Biology Group, The Roslin Institute, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK

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D2 may act to buffer the effects of lowered circulating thyroid levels on the skeleton ( Bassett et al . 2010 ). In the adult skeleton, hypothyroidism results in altered bone maintenance and fracture risk through effects on osteoblast- and

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-11-0242
Volume/Issue:
Volume 210: Issue 2
Free access
Urszula T Iwaniec Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
Center for Healthy Aging Research, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA

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Russell T Turner Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
Center for Healthy Aging Research, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA

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Introduction The skeleton is a complex multifunctional organ system that, in adults, comprises 206 bones. The acquisition of bone mass occurs primarily during childhood and the decade following puberty with peak bone mass achieved in the third

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-16-0089
Volume/Issue:
Volume 230: Issue 3
Free access
JE Compston
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Bone and bone marrow, although often regarded as separate systems, function as a single unit. Cells in the bone marrow are the precursors of bone remodelling cells and exert an important regulatory role both on their own development and the remodelling process, acting as mediators for the effects of systemic and local factors. Other cells, such as immune cells and megakaryocytes, also contribute to the regulation of bone cell development and activity. Many diseases that affect the bone marrow have profound effects on bone, involving interactions between abnormal and normal marrow cells and those of bone. Although recent advances in bone physiology have produced new insights into the relationship between bone marrow and bone cells, much remains to be learnt about the mechanisms by which marrow and bone act in synergy to regulate bone remodelling, both in health and disease.

Article Type:
Other
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1730387
Volume/Issue:
Volume 173: Issue 3
Free access
Viji Vijayan Molecular Sciences Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India

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Sarika Gupta Molecular Sciences Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India

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Introduction Throughout life bone is constantly modeled and remodeled via coordinated activities of two types of bone cells: the bone-forming osteoblasts and the bone-resorbing osteoclasts ( Hadjidakis & Androulakis 2006 ). These cells are

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-16-0562
Volume/Issue:
Volume 233: Issue 3
Free access
M Alexandra Sorocéanu
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Dengshun Miao
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Xiu-Ying Bai
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Hanyi Su
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David Goltzman
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Andrew C Karaplis
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cells containing endogenous or ectopically expressed PPARγ ( Lehmann et al. 1995 ). The post-natal bone marrow of mammals harbors a population of stem/progenitor cells which are adherent, noncirculating and fibroblastic in nature. Stromal stem

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/joe.1.05723
Volume/Issue:
Volume 183: Issue 1
Free access
Toshihiro Sugiyama Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
Applied Medical Engineering Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Yamaguchi 755-8611, Japan

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Toshiaki Takaki Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
Applied Medical Engineering Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Yamaguchi 755-8611, Japan

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Kenya Sakanaka Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
Applied Medical Engineering Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Yamaguchi 755-8611, Japan

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Hiroki Sadamaru Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
Applied Medical Engineering Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Yamaguchi 755-8611, Japan

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Koji Mori Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
Applied Medical Engineering Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Yamaguchi 755-8611, Japan

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Yoshihiko Kato Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
Applied Medical Engineering Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Yamaguchi 755-8611, Japan

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Toshihiko Taguchi Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
Applied Medical Engineering Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Yamaguchi 755-8611, Japan

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Takashi Saito Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
Applied Medical Engineering Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Yamaguchi 755-8611, Japan

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Introduction Accumulating evidence has shown that there are various risk factors for osteoporosis which are independent of areal bone mineral density (BMD) measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry ( Kanis 2002 , Poole & Compston

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/JOE-07-0119
Volume/Issue:
Volume 194: Issue 1
Free access
Idris Mohamed Metabolism Laboratory, Winthrop-University Hospital, Mineola, New York 11501, USA

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James K Yeh Metabolism Laboratory, Winthrop-University Hospital, Mineola, New York 11501, USA

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therapeutic tool that can be of great hope for those children ( Dunkel & Wickman 2001 , Shulman et al . 2008 ). When children start their early puberty, estrogen has a major role in shaping and dictating future bone health through initiation of modeling that

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/JOE-08-0532
Volume/Issue:
Volume 202: Issue 2
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J Jeyabalan
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M Shah
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B Viollet Royal Veterinary College, Institut Cochin, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK

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C Chenu
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Introduction Osteoporosis is a major health problem in our aging society. One in two postmenopausal women will fracture a bone as a result of osteoporosis leading to more than 300 000 fragility fractures every year in the UK, which are important

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-11-0306
Volume/Issue:
Volume 212: Issue 3
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Muneaki Ishijima Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 3-10, Kanda-Surugadai 2-Chome, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8082, USA
Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan

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Kunikazu Tsuji Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 3-10, Kanda-Surugadai 2-Chome, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8082, USA
Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan

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Susan R Rittling Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 3-10, Kanda-Surugadai 2-Chome, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8082, USA
Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan

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Teruhito Yamashita Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 3-10, Kanda-Surugadai 2-Chome, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8082, USA
Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan

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Hisashi Kurosawa Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 3-10, Kanda-Surugadai 2-Chome, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8082, USA
Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan

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David T Denhardt Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 3-10, Kanda-Surugadai 2-Chome, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8082, USA
Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan

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Akira Nifuji Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 3-10, Kanda-Surugadai 2-Chome, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8082, USA
Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan

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Yoichi Ezura Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 3-10, Kanda-Surugadai 2-Chome, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8082, USA
Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan

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Masaki Noda Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 3-10, Kanda-Surugadai 2-Chome, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8082, USA
Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan

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Introduction Mechanical stimuli are known to be one of the crucial factors maintaining bone mass ( Lian et al. 1996 , Ducy et al. 2000 , Manolagas 2000 ). For instance, while high impact sports and, moreover, very low

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/joe.1.06704
Volume/Issue:
Volume 193: Issue 2
Free access
Koichiro Komatsu Departments of Pharmacology, Orthodontics, Transcriptome Research Group, Department of Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2‐1‐3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi‐ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan

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Akemi Shimada Departments of Pharmacology, Orthodontics, Transcriptome Research Group, Department of Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2‐1‐3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi‐ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan

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Tatsuya Shibata Departments of Pharmacology, Orthodontics, Transcriptome Research Group, Department of Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2‐1‐3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi‐ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan

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Satoshi Wada Departments of Pharmacology, Orthodontics, Transcriptome Research Group, Department of Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2‐1‐3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi‐ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan

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Hisashi Ideno Departments of Pharmacology, Orthodontics, Transcriptome Research Group, Department of Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2‐1‐3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi‐ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan
Departments of Pharmacology, Orthodontics, Transcriptome Research Group, Department of Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2‐1‐3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi‐ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan

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Kazuhisa Nakashima Departments of Pharmacology, Orthodontics, Transcriptome Research Group, Department of Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2‐1‐3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi‐ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan

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Norio Amizuka Departments of Pharmacology, Orthodontics, Transcriptome Research Group, Department of Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2‐1‐3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi‐ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan

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Masaki Noda Departments of Pharmacology, Orthodontics, Transcriptome Research Group, Department of Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2‐1‐3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi‐ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan

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Akira Nifuji Departments of Pharmacology, Orthodontics, Transcriptome Research Group, Department of Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2‐1‐3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi‐ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan
Departments of Pharmacology, Orthodontics, Transcriptome Research Group, Department of Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2‐1‐3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi‐ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan

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Introduction Bisphosphonates (BPs) are a major class of antiresorptive drug. BPs are divided into nitrogen-containing BPs (N-BPs) and non-N-BPs. The P–C–P backbone structure of BPs exhibits a high affinity for bone mineral, and therefore BPs

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-13-0040
Volume/Issue:
Volume 219: Issue 2
Free access