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Wonsuk Choi Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea

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Joon Ho Moon Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea

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Hail Kim Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea

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. 2015 , Oh et al. 2015 ). 5-HT inhibits both brown adipocyte differentiation and β3-adrenergic induced thermogenic activation in a cell-autonomous manner ( Crane et al. 2015 , Rozenblit-Susan et al. 2018 ). Furthermore, HTR3 signaling in BAT may

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L Francisco Lorenzo-Martín Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CSIC-University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain

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Mauricio Menacho-Márquez Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CSIC-University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain

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Salvatore Fabbiano Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain

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Omar Al-Massadi Departamento de Fisioloxía, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular e Enfermidades Crónicas, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer sobre la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain

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Antonio Abad Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CSIC-University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain

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Sonia Rodríguez-Fdez Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain

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María A Sevilla Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain

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María J Montero Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain

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Carlos Diéguez Departamento de Fisioloxía, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular e Enfermidades Crónicas, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer sobre la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain

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Rubén Nogueiras Departamento de Fisioloxía, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular e Enfermidades Crónicas, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer sobre la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain

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Xosé R Bustelo Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain

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of the number of brown adipocytes per field in interscapular BAT from mice of the indicated genotypes and experimental groups. (K) Levels of indicated transcripts in the WAT from mice of indicated genotypes and experimental groups. Values are shown

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Guillermo García-Eguren Group of Endocrine Disorders, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain

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Oriol Giró Group of Endocrine Disorders, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain

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María del Mar Romero Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Section of Nutrition, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain

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Mar Grasa Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Section of Nutrition, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain

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Felicia A Hanzu Group of Endocrine Disorders, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

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increase in lipid accumulation (up to 3.39-fold vs VEH and 2.64-fold vs HFD) and clear hypertrophy of brown adipocytes were observed when compared to VEH or HFD groups ( Fig. 4B and C ). Consequently, iBAT weight was significantly increased after

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Edward T Wargent Clore Laboratory, Obesity Biology Unit, University of Buckingham, Hunter Street, Buckingham MK18 1EG, UK

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Jacqueline F O'Dowd Clore Laboratory, Obesity Biology Unit, University of Buckingham, Hunter Street, Buckingham MK18 1EG, UK

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Mohamed S Zaibi Clore Laboratory, Obesity Biology Unit, University of Buckingham, Hunter Street, Buckingham MK18 1EG, UK

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Dan Gao Clore Laboratory, Obesity Biology Unit, University of Buckingham, Hunter Street, Buckingham MK18 1EG, UK

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Chen Bing Clore Laboratory, Obesity Biology Unit, University of Buckingham, Hunter Street, Buckingham MK18 1EG, UK

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Paul Trayhurn Clore Laboratory, Obesity Biology Unit, University of Buckingham, Hunter Street, Buckingham MK18 1EG, UK
Clore Laboratory, Obesity Biology Unit, University of Buckingham, Hunter Street, Buckingham MK18 1EG, UK

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Michael A Cawthorne Clore Laboratory, Obesity Biology Unit, University of Buckingham, Hunter Street, Buckingham MK18 1EG, UK

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Jonathan R S Arch Clore Laboratory, Obesity Biology Unit, University of Buckingham, Hunter Street, Buckingham MK18 1EG, UK

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Claire J Stocker Clore Laboratory, Obesity Biology Unit, University of Buckingham, Hunter Street, Buckingham MK18 1EG, UK

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and brown adipocytes ( Arch et al . 1984 , Hollenga et al . 1990 , Kubota et al . 2002 , Brahmadevara et al . 2004 , Briones et al . 2005 , Leblais et al . 2005 ). Moreover, antagonists of muscarinic receptors and α 1 -adrenoceptors do not

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A Feraco Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Teams 1, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France

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A Armani Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy

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R Urbanet INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Teams 1, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France

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A Nguyen Dinh Cat INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Teams 1, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France

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V Marzolla Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy

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F Jaisser INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Teams 1, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France

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M Caprio Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, Rome, Italy

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beneficial metabolic effects in ob/ob , db/db and diet-induced obese mice ( Guo et al. 2008 , Hirata et al. 2009 , Wada et al. 2010 , Armani et al. 2014 ). AT is made up of two cell types, white and brown adipocytes, with distinct phenotypes and

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M A Hyatt Early Life Nutrition Research Unit, Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Department of Animal Sciences, Division of Human Development, Academic Child Health

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D H Keisler Early Life Nutrition Research Unit, Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Department of Animal Sciences, Division of Human Development, Academic Child Health

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H Budge Early Life Nutrition Research Unit, Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Department of Animal Sciences, Division of Human Development, Academic Child Health
Early Life Nutrition Research Unit, Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Department of Animal Sciences, Division of Human Development, Academic Child Health

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M E Symonds Early Life Nutrition Research Unit, Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Department of Animal Sciences, Division of Human Development, Academic Child Health
Early Life Nutrition Research Unit, Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Department of Animal Sciences, Division of Human Development, Academic Child Health

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health . Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 68 416 – 421 . Teruel T Valverde AM Benito M Lorenzo M 1996 Insulin-like growth factor I and insulin induce adipogenic-related gene expression in fetal brown adipocyte primary cultures

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Monisha Rajasekaran Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea

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Ok-Joo Sul Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea

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Eun-Kyung Choi Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea

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Ji-Eun Kim Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea

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Jae-Hee Suh Department of Pathology, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan, Korea

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Hye-Seon Choi Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea

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to browning through direct M2 macrophage recruitment using brown-adipocyte-derived CXCL14. Further studies are required to clarify these controversial issues. Figure 5 MCP-1 deficiency promotes M2, while it decreases M1 polarization of

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Marcia S Wagner Endocrine Division, Thyroid Section, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 2350, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

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Simone M Wajner Endocrine Division, Thyroid Section, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 2350, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

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José M Dora Endocrine Division, Thyroid Section, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 2350, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

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Ana Luiza Maia Endocrine Division, Thyroid Section, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 2350, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

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other hand, in cultured rat brown adipocytes, T 3 alone was shown to increase D2 mRNA but did not change significantly D2 activity levels ( Martinez-deMena et al. 2002 ), indicating that discrepancies exist regarding the in vivo and in vitro

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Local control of thyroid hormone action: role of type 2 deiodinase

Deiodinases: the balance of thyroid hormone

Graham R Williams Molecular Endocrinology Group, Department of Medicine and Medical Research Council Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Commonwealth Building 7th Floor, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK

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J H Duncan Bassett Molecular Endocrinology Group, Department of Medicine and Medical Research Council Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Commonwealth Building 7th Floor, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK

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expenditure in brown adipose tissue that is mitigated by a compensatory shivering response associated with acute weight loss ( de Jesus et al . 2001 ). Isolated brown adipocytes from D2KO mice fail to respond normally to adenylyl cyclase activators or

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Yang Chen School of Life Science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
Transgenic Research Center, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China

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Xin Li School of Life Science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China

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Jing Zhang Transgenic Research Center, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China

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Mingjiao Zhang Transgenic Research Center, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China

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Salah Adlat Transgenic Research Center, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China

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Xiaodan Lu Transgenic Research Center, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China

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Dan Li Transgenic Research Center, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China

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Honghong Jin Transgenic Research Center, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China

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Chenhao Wang Transgenic Research Center, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China

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Zin Mar Oo Transgenic Research Center, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China

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Farooq Hayel Transgenic Research Center, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China

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Quangang Chen School of Life Science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China

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Xufeng Han School of Life Science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China

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Renjin Chen School of Life Science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China

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Xuechao Feng Transgenic Research Center, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China

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Luqing Zhang Transgenic Research Center, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China

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Yaowu Zheng Transgenic Research Center, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China

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Bronstad I Hao Q Petersen RK Hallenborg P Ma T De Matteis R , 2010 UCP1 induction during recruitment of brown adipocytes in white adipose tissue is dependent on cyclooxygenase activity . PLoS One 5 e11391. ( https://doi.org/10.1371/journal

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