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Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
Department of Physiology, Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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the developing vasculature is NO-mediated anticontractile effect of the endothelium that is prominent in early postnatal period and gradually decreases with maturation ( Gaynullina et al. 2013 , Sofronova et al. 2016 ). These two mechanisms are
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Department of Human Metabolism, Robert Hague Centre for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Medical School, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
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vascular reactivity is the monitoring of changes in brachial artery diameter by a non-invasive ultrasound assessment as it is considered an accurate and reproducible measurement of endothelium-dependent response to shear stress ( Celermajer et al . 1992
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. 2014 , 2016 , Taguchi et al. 2017 a , b , 2018 ). Furthermore, impairment of endothelium-derived NO is a common feature of endothelial dysfunction in diabetic individuals ( Steinberg et al. 1996 , Montagnani et al. 2002 , Taguchi et al
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population (RXFP1) is present at the TA, Branch and capillary level but not on MI arterioles. There is evidence to support that RXFP1 is located on the endothelium of renal arteries ( Novak et al . 2006 ) and VSM of renal ( Novak et al . 2006 ) and cardiac
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from endothelium and decreased blood flow to insulin target tissues, contributing to insulin resistance ( Kim et al . 2006 ). Systemic inflammation and abnormal production of adipose tissue-derived factors play a pivotal role in the genesis and
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or GPER1 inhibitors, however, aldosterone-induced vasorelaxation was only dependent on MR ( Ferreira et al. 2015 ). Furthermore, aldosterone could endothelium-dependently inhibit phenylephrine-mediated vasoconstriction of aortic rings via GPER1
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or α-cells; hyperglucagonemia; hyperglycemia Ins2-cre Talchai et al . (2012) Endothelium Irs1 −/− ∷ Irs2 −/− Reduced Akt and eNOS phosphorylation; impaired skeletal muscle glucose uptake; insulin resistance Tie2-cre Kubota et al . (2011
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( Baumgartner-Parzer & Waldhausl 2001 , Vallet & Wiel 2001 , Levi et al. 2002 ). In addition, the endothelium serves as a selective permeability barrier between the blood and tissue, including the brain ( Albert et al. 1997 ), and produces a variety of
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( Flotte et al . 1983 ). Gal-3 expression has been found to be increased in neutrophils upon adhesion to the endothelium ( Gil et al . 2006 b ), which also coincided with a relocalisation of Gal-3 to the plasma membrane in endothelial cells ( Gil et al
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. The role of caveolin-1 in cardiovascular tissues Previous studies have shown that Cav-1 is abundantly expressed in vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells, and moderate amounts in heart tissues (mainly in the cardiac endothelium, endocardium
