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Systems Life Sciences Laboratory, Department of Medical Life Systems, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan
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Department of Sports and Fitness, Faculty of Wellness, Shigakkan University, Aichi, Japan
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CREST (Japan) Agency for Medical Research and Development (A-MED) 1-7-1 Otemachi, Tokyo, Japan
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al. 2001 , Zigman et al. 2006 ). Liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP2), a 40 amino acid peptide, was originally isolated by comprehensive chromatographic characterization of human hemofiltrate ( Krause et al. 2003 ). Human LEAP2 is
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health. Fructose intake has increased in recent years due to ultra-processed food intake and causes lipotoxicity with ectopic lipid deposition ( Lambertz et al. 2017 ). Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by intrahepatic lipid
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). Tyrosine phosphorylation of IR β-subunit, IRS-1 and Shc, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) activity appeared responsive to insulin status in the liver under several experimental conditions (fasting/re-feeding, chronic corticosterone treatment
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Introduction Glucagon is a peptide hormone secreted by alpha cells in the pancreas which acts on several organs including the liver, kidney, heart and brain ( Marroqui et al. 2014 , Wewer Albrechtsen et al. 2023 ). The precursor protein
Medical Department, Leipzig University Medical Center, LIFE Study Center, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 18, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Medical Department, Leipzig University Medical Center, LIFE Study Center, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 18, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
Medical Department, Leipzig University Medical Center, LIFE Study Center, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 18, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Medical Department, Leipzig University Medical Center, LIFE Study Center, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 18, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Medical Department, Leipzig University Medical Center, LIFE Study Center, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 18, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Medical Department, Leipzig University Medical Center, LIFE Study Center, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 18, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Medical Department, Leipzig University Medical Center, LIFE Study Center, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 18, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
Medical Department, Leipzig University Medical Center, LIFE Study Center, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 18, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Medical Department, Leipzig University Medical Center, LIFE Study Center, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 18, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Introduction Fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF21) is a member of the FGF family including 22 members ( Beenken & Mohammadi 2009 ). FGF21 is mainly produced by the liver but also by other tissues including white adipose tissue (WAT), skeletal muscle
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distributed in animal organs and tissues. Many organs, including the cardiovascular and central nervous systems, as well as the lung, kidney, spleen, hypophysis, adrenal gland, stomach, pancreas, ovary and liver, are found to express UII ( Coulouarn et al
Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal
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University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, Portugal
Clinical and Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
Polytechnic University of Coimbra, Coimbra Health School, H&T Research Center, Coimbra, Portugal
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Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
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, different from other G-protein-coupled receptors ( Damian et al. 2012 ). Conformational analyses demonstrated the ability of liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP2) to bind to GHSR as an inverse agonist, in view of the change in conformation
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Introduction Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) comprehends a large spectrum of clinicopathological conditions of the liver, ranging from steatosis to cirrhosis, and including steatohepatitis (NASH) and fibrosis ( Browning
Department of Clinical Physiology, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden
Musculoskeletal Disease Center, Jerry L Pettis Memorial VA Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, USA
Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
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Department of Clinical Physiology, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden
Musculoskeletal Disease Center, Jerry L Pettis Memorial VA Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, USA
Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
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Department of Clinical Physiology, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden
Musculoskeletal Disease Center, Jerry L Pettis Memorial VA Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, USA
Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
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Department of Clinical Physiology, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden
Musculoskeletal Disease Center, Jerry L Pettis Memorial VA Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, USA
Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
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Department of Clinical Physiology, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden
Musculoskeletal Disease Center, Jerry L Pettis Memorial VA Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, USA
Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
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Department of Clinical Physiology, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden
Musculoskeletal Disease Center, Jerry L Pettis Memorial VA Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, USA
Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
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Department of Clinical Physiology, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden
Musculoskeletal Disease Center, Jerry L Pettis Memorial VA Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, USA
Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
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Department of Clinical Physiology, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden
Musculoskeletal Disease Center, Jerry L Pettis Memorial VA Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, USA
Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
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Department of Clinical Physiology, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden
Musculoskeletal Disease Center, Jerry L Pettis Memorial VA Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, USA
Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
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& Schaefer 2004 ). The major part of serum IGF-I is liver derived ( Sjögren et al. 1999 , Yakar et al. 1999 ). In addition to being regulated by GH ( Bengtsson et al. 1993 ), serum IGF-I levels are also affected by factors, such as food intake
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Introduction As a critical regulator of metabolic homeostasis, the liver senses and integrates hormone signals triggered by alterations in metabolism and/or physiological state in terrestrial vertebrates. Hepatocytes respond to these changes