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mammals. FSHR has been identified in nongonadal reproductive tracts, blood vessels, endothelial cells, the liver, skeletal tissue, bone cells, adipose tissue, and the brain ( Table 1 ). These discoveries have raised the question of whether FSH exerts
Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Faculty of Agricultural, The Jesse Z and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Petach Tikva, Israel
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Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Faculty of Agricultural, The Jesse Z and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Petach Tikva, Israel
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Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Faculty of Agricultural, The Jesse Z and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Petach Tikva, Israel
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Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Faculty of Agricultural, The Jesse Z and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Petach Tikva, Israel
Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Faculty of Agricultural, The Jesse Z and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Petach Tikva, Israel
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Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Faculty of Agricultural, The Jesse Z and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Petach Tikva, Israel
Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Faculty of Agricultural, The Jesse Z and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Petach Tikva, Israel
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NA Panus DA Lotinun S Pinz I Baron R Rosen CJ Bouxsein ML 2010 Caloric restriction leads to high marrow adiposity and low bone mass in growing mice . Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 25 2078 – 2088 . ( doi:10.1002/jbmr.82
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Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
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Introduction Adipose tissue, which is primarily composed of adipocytes as well as pre-adipocytes, macrophages, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and leucocytes, has been increasingly recognized as a major player of systemically metabolic
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Department of Medicine, Hanson Institute, Department of Endocrinology, ANZAC Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia
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Department of Medicine, Hanson Institute, Department of Endocrinology, ANZAC Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia
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Introduction Males and females show sexual dimorphism in a number of tissues. Males tend to be taller, with higher muscle and bone mass and lower fat mass than females, with differences also observed in the immune system, nervous system, and in
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tissue stromal cell called a mesenchymal stromal cell was isolated from bone marrow, adipose and other tissues ( Horwitz et al. 2006 ). These cells are spindle shaped and are thought to play a critical role within the bone marrow microenvironment. In
Section of Specialized Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Edison Biotechnology Institute, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, PO Box 4950, N‐0424 Oslo, Norway
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Section of Specialized Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Edison Biotechnology Institute, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, PO Box 4950, N‐0424 Oslo, Norway
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Section of Specialized Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Edison Biotechnology Institute, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, PO Box 4950, N‐0424 Oslo, Norway
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Section of Specialized Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Edison Biotechnology Institute, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, PO Box 4950, N‐0424 Oslo, Norway
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Section of Specialized Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Edison Biotechnology Institute, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, PO Box 4950, N‐0424 Oslo, Norway
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cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells that are present in adult marrow. They can replicate as undifferentiated cells and have the potential to differentiate to lineages of mesenchymal tissues, including fat, bone, and cartilage. The self-renewal and
Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic‐ro 43‐gil, Songpa‐gu, Seoul 138‐736, Korea
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Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic‐ro 43‐gil, Songpa‐gu, Seoul 138‐736, Korea
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Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic‐ro 43‐gil, Songpa‐gu, Seoul 138‐736, Korea
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Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic‐ro 43‐gil, Songpa‐gu, Seoul 138‐736, Korea
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Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic‐ro 43‐gil, Songpa‐gu, Seoul 138‐736, Korea
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Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic‐ro 43‐gil, Songpa‐gu, Seoul 138‐736, Korea
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Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic‐ro 43‐gil, Songpa‐gu, Seoul 138‐736, Korea
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Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic‐ro 43‐gil, Songpa‐gu, Seoul 138‐736, Korea
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include adipose tissue hypoxia ( Ye et al . 2007 , Jiang et al . 2011 ), increased proinflammatory cytokine levels, and oxidative stress in dysfunctional adipocytes ( Otani 2011 ). Another hypothesis that links adipocyte hypertrophy to reduced
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Department of Orthopedics, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Yangzhou, China
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subjected to anesthesia through an intraperitoneal injection of pentobarbital sodium (50 mg/kg). In the sham surgery group, both ovaries were exposed, and the surrounding adipose tissue was carefully raised while maintaining the ovaries’ integrity. Among the
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bone formation and increases bone marrow adiposity . Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research 43 2494 – 2503 . ( https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.14202 ) 10.1111/acer.14202 Kawai M Rosen CJ 2012 The insulin-like growth factor system in bone
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. 2023 ). Figure 1 Factors contributing to chronic inflammation in type 2 diabetes. Continuous activation signals are derived from multiple sources including, dysfunctional adipose tissue, the aberrant metabolic activation of leukocytes, damage