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Introduction
Features of hyperparathyroidism have long been associated with malignancy, and with the advent of sufficiently sensitive bioassays, parathyroid hormone (PTH)-like activity was recognised in extracts of tumours from patients suffering from humoral hypercalcaemia of malignancy (HHM) (Stewart et al. 1983). While these extracts exhibited actions on bone and kidney that were very similar to those of PTH, low or undetectable levels of immunoreactive PTH in patients' plasma and in the tumour extracts indicated that the substance was unique (Stewart et al. 1980, Rodan et al. 1983, Stewart et al. 1983, Strewler et al. 1983). Subsequently, parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) was purified, sequenced and cloned from a human lung cancer cell line derived from a patient with HHM (Moseley et al. 1987, Suva et al. 1987).
This protein, homologous with PTH in the amino-terminal region, acts through a common PTH/PTHrP receptor (Jüppner et al. 1991) to promote bone
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one of the most important tissues involved in energy expenditure and glucose and lipid homeostasis ( Salvatore et al . 2014 , Lombardi et al . 2015 ). In SM, thyroid hormones (TH – thyroxine or T 4 and triiodothyronine or T 3 ) participate in
Laboratoire Protéines: Biochimie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 7 Quai St. Bernard, F-75252 Paris 05, France
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Laboratoire Protéines: Biochimie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 7 Quai St. Bernard, F-75252 Paris 05, France
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Introduction Ecdysteroids are the steroid hormones of arthropods, where they regulate moulting, metamorphosis, reproduction and diapause ( Koolman 1989 ). They probably fulfil similar roles in many other invertebrate phyla, but these
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a previous study, we reported H19 overexpression, when compared to healthy tissue, in 72% of breast adenocarcinomas, and this upregulation was significantly correlated with the presence of steroid hormone receptors ( Adriaenssens et al. 1998
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Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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). Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is produced by granulosa cells within developing follicles and regulates ovarian reserve depletion by inhibiting primordial follicle activation ( Durlinger et al . 1999 , 2002 , Carlsson et al . 2006 ). The activation of
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SUMMARY
The role of cyclic AMP in the mediation of hormone action is reviewed, including information available from 1958–1971. Evidence for its involvement in each hormone action is considered separately. The known mechanisms by which cyclic AMP stimulates specific metabolic processes are also described. Other speculations on the role of cyclic AMP in the mediation of hormone action are discussed.
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Introduction The growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis is the primary endocrine system that regulates body growth in vertebrates (reviewed in Rosenfeld & Roberts 1999 ). The principal hormones in the GH/IGF axis
Queensland Health Pathology Service, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland 4029, Australia
Department of Endocrinology, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland 4029, Australia
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4029, Australia
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Queensland Health Pathology Service, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland 4029, Australia
Department of Endocrinology, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland 4029, Australia
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4029, Australia
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Queensland Health Pathology Service, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland 4029, Australia
Department of Endocrinology, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland 4029, Australia
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4029, Australia
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Introduction Thyroid hormone plays an essential role in mammalian cellular metabolism. While much is known about the physiology of trans-membrane iodothyronine transport ( Kragie 1994 , 1996 , Abe et al. 2002 ) little is known
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SUMMARY
Porcine parathyroid hormone has been isolated and purified. Its size and charge properties are similar to those of bovine and human parathyroid hormones and in a bioassay system the response to porcine hormone is parallel to that of bovine parathyroid hormone. Porcine parathyroid hormone has been labelled with 125I. The immunological properties of the porcine hormone were compared with human and bovine parathyroid hormone in a radioimmunoassay system using antisera against bovine parathyroid hormone. When labelled bovine parathyroid hormone was used as a tracer in the radioimmunoassay, porcine parathyroid hormone could be shown to differ immunologically from the hormones of the other two species. When labelled porcine hormone was used as tracer, it was displaced equally well by hormone from all three species, so that in addition to regions of difference in the molecule there are probably regions of similarity.
Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
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Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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translation of treatments. The non-pregnant GH–IGF axis Regulation of circulating GH GH is a peptide hormone secreted by somatotrophs of the anterior pituitary that promotes cell division, regeneration and growth ( Fig. 1 ). Pulses of GH in
