resistance and hyperglycaemia in both mice and rats ( Pomplun et al . 2004 , Brown et al . 2005 , Tanaka et al . 2009 , Guarino et al . 2013 , Sato et al . 2013 ), which could potentially confound interpretation of experimental data generated using
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James E Bowe, Zara J Franklin, Astrid C Hauge-Evans, Aileen J King, Shanta J Persaud, and Peter M Jones
J C Parker, K S Lavery, N Irwin, B D Green, B Greer, P Harriott, F P M O’Harte, V A Gault, and P R Flatt
–42) and GLP-1(9–36)amide were examined in obese diabetic ob / ob mice. This is a commonly studied animal model displaying several abnormalities characteristic of type 2 diabetes, including obesity, insulin resistance, moderate hyperglycaemia and severe
H Y Li, Y X Liu, L Harvey, S Shafaeizadeh, E M van der Beek, and W Han
-STZ, HFD-Veh, and HFD-STZ. Mice that received the HFD-STZ treatment were further categorized into four phenotypic subgroups based on glycemic outcome: T1D-like with hyperglycaemia prior to mating and hyperglycemia through pregnancy; T2D-like with
Claire E Hills, Paul E Squires, and Rosemary Bland
al . 2002 , Taruno et al . 2008 ), which we have shown in human renal cells causes increased SGK1 expression ( Hills et al . 2006 a ). SGK1 in diabetic nephropathy Poorly controlled type II diabetes results in hyperinsulinaemia and hyperglycaemia
Christine M A Martin, Vadivel Parthsarathy, Varun Pathak, Victor A Gault, Peter R Flatt, and Nigel Irwin
glucose homoeostasis and insulin secretory studies, high fat-fed mice were maintained on high-fat diet from 6 weeks of age for 140 days. Obesity, hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance were clearly manifested, as judged by body weight, plasma glucose and
Frank H Bloomfield
recently have undertaken a series of studies in sheep aimed at separating out the effects of preterm birth, neonatal hyperglycaemia (a common metabolic complication of extremely preterm birth), nutritional supplementation, postnatal growth and exogenous
Abdullah Cim, Greta J Sawyer, Xiaohong Zhang, Haibin Su, Louise Collins, Peter Jones, Michael Antoniou, Jean-Paul Reynes, Hans-Joachim Lipps, and John W Fabre
Ethics Committee and by the UK Home Office. Normoglycaemic rats Initial studies were performed on normal rats to avoid the potentially confounding effects of hyperglycaemia on insulin expression in liver ( Kojima et al . 2004 ). Studies on hyperglycaemic
Antonella Amato, Sara Baldassano, and Flavia Mulè
that the endogenous or exogenous peptide exacerbates the hyperglycaemia conditions related to diabetes. Nevertheless, the glucagon hypersecretion induced by oral glucose, which is typical of patients with T2D ( Knop et al. 2007 ), is not a consequence
David P Macfarlane, Shareen Forbes, and Brian R Walker
maladaptive. Chronic glucocorticoid excess (Cushing's syndrome) leads to morbidity and mortality through a variety of factors, including obesity, osteoporosis, hypertension, hyperglycaemia and impaired response to infection ( Cushing 1912 ). These chronic
Hidetada Ogata, Yusuke Seino, Norio Harada, Atsushi Iida, Kazuyo Suzuki, Takako Izumoto, Kota Ishikawa, Eita Uenishi, Nobuaki Ozaki, Yoshitaka Hayashi, Takashi Miki, Nobuya Inagaki, Shin Tsunekawa, Yoji Hamada, Susumu Seino, and Yutaka Oiso
-induced obesity and streptozotocin-mediated β cell loss and hyperglycaemia . Diabetologia 50 142 – 150 . ( doi:10.1007/s00125-006-0481-3 ) Damholt AB Kofod H Buchan AM 1999 Immunocytochemical evidence for a paracrine interaction between GIP and GLP